Sahih Muslim — Introduction

Abu Musa reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said about one who emancipated a slave woman, and then married her, that for him there are two rewards

وحدثنا يحيى بن يحيى، اخبرنا خالد بن عبد الله، عن مطرف، عن عامر، عن ابي بردة، عن ابي موسى، قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في الذي يعتق جاريته ثم يتزوجها " له اجران

Ibn 'Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) reported. I had always been anxious to ask 'Umar (Allah be pleased with him) about the two ladies amongst the wives of Allah's Prophet (may peace be upon Lim) about whom Allah, the Exalted, said:" If you both turn in repentance to Allah, then indeed your hearts are inclined (to this)" (Ixvi. 4), until 'Umar (Allah be pleased with him) set out for Hajj and I also went along with him. And as we were going along a path, 'Umar (Allah be pleased with hiyn) went aside and I also went aside with him with a jug (of water). He answered the call of nature, and then came to me and I poured water over his hands and he performed ablution I said: Commander of the Faithful, who are the two ladies amongst the wives of Allah's Prophet (ﷺ) about whom Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, said: 'If you both turn to Allah in repentance, then indeed your heart are inclined to it"? 'Umar (Allah he pleased with him) said: How strange is it for you, Ibn 'Abbas! (Zuhri said: By Allah, he disliked what he asked about, but did not keep it a secret.) He ('Umar) said: They are Hafsa and 'A'isha; and he then began to narrate the hadith and said: We were such people among the Quraish who dominated women, and as we reached Medina we found there people who were dominated by their women, and our women began to learn (the habits) of their women. He further said: And my house was situated in the suburb of Aledina in the tribe of Banu Umayya b. Zaid. One day I became angry with my wife and she retorted upon me. I did not like that she should retort upon me. She said: You disapprove of my retorting upon you By Allah, the wives of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) retort upon him, and one of them detaches herself from him for the day until the night. So I ('Umar) went out and visited Hafsa and said: Do you retort upon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)? She said: Yes. I said; Does any one of you detach herself from him from the day to the night? She said: Yes. He said: She who did like it amongst you in fact failed and incurred loss. Does everyone amongst you not fear the wrath of Allah upon her due to the wrath of His Messenger (ﷺ), and (as a result thereof) she may perish? So do not retort upon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and do not ask him for anything, but ask me that which you desire, (and the frank behaviour) of your companion may not mislead you, if she is more graceful and is dearer to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) than you (meaning 'A'isha) (Allah be pleased with her). He (Hadrat 'Umar further) said: I had a compalaion from the Ansar and, we used to remain in the company of the Messenger (ﷺ) turn by turn. He remained there for a day while I remained there on the other day, and he brought me the news about the revelation and other (matter), and I brought him (the news) like this. And we discussed that the Ghassanids were shoeing the horses in order to attack us. Id y companion once attended (the Apostle). and then came to me at night and knocked at my door and called me, and I came out to him, and he said: A matter of great importance has happened. I said: What is that? Have the Ghassanids come? He said: No, but even more serious and more significant than that: the Prophet (ﷺ) has divorced his wives. I said: Hafsa has failed and has incurred loss. and I feared that it would happen. When it was dawn I observed the dawn prayer and dressed myself, and then came there (in the house of the Holy Prophet) and visited Hafsa, and she was weeping. I said: Has Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) divorced you (all)? She said: I do not know. He has, however, separated himself in his attic. I came to a black servant and said to him: Seek permission for 'Umar. He went in and then came to me and said: I made mention of you to him, but he kept quiet. I then went to the pulpit and sat there, and there was a group of people sitting by it and some of then were weeping. I sat there for some time, until I was overpowered (by that very idea) which was in my mind. I then came back to the boy and said to him: Seek permission for Umar. He went in and came to me and said: I made mention of you to him but he kept quiet. I was about to turn back when the boy called me and said: Go in; permission has been granted to you. I went in and greeted Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he was reclining against the couch of mat and it had left its marks upon his side. I said: Messenger of Allah, have you divorced your wives? He raised his head towards me and said: No. I said: Allah is the Greatest. Messenger of Allah, I wish if you had seen how we the people of Quraish had domination over women but when we came to Medina we found people whom their women dominated. So our women began to learn from their women. One dily I became angry with my wife and she began to retort upon me. I did not approve that she should retort upon me. She said: You do not like that I should retort upon you, but, by Allah. the wives of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) retort upon him and any one of them separates herself from him for a day until night. I said: He who did that amongst them in fact failed and incurred loss. Does any of them feel sate from the wrath of Allahupon her due to the wrath of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), and she has certainly perished. Allah's Messtnger (ﷺ) smiled, I said: Messenger of Allah, I visited Hafsa and said: (The behaviour) of your companion ('A'isha) may not mislead you, If she is more graceful than you and is dearer to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) than you. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) smiled for the second time. I said: Allah's Messenger, way I talk to you about agreeable things? He said: Yes. I sat down and lifted my head (to see things) in the house and, by Allah, I did not see anything significant besides three hides. I said: Messenger of Allah, supplicate the Lord that He should make (life) prosperous for your Ummah as He has made plentiful for the people of Persia and Rome (in spite of the fact) that they do no, worship Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, whereupon he (Allah's Messenger) sat up an I then said: Ibn Khattab, do you doubt that they are a nation whom their nice things have been given immediately in the life of this world. I said: Allah's Messenger! seek pardon for me. And he (Allah's Messenger) had taken an oath that he would not visit them for a month due to extreme annoyance with them until Allah showed His displeasure to him (Allah's Messenger). Zuhri said: 'Urwa informed me that 'A'Isha (Allah be pleased with her) said: When twenty-nine nights were over, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) visited me, and he began (his visit) with me. I said: Messenger of Allah, you had taken an oath that you would not visit us for a month, while you have visited after I have counted only twenty-nine (nights). Thereupon he said: The month may also be of twenty-nine (days). He then said: 'A'isha, I am going to talk to you about a matter, and you should not be hasty in it (and do not give your final decision) until you have consulted your parents. He then recited this verse to me:" O Prophet, say to your wives" till he reached" mighty reward" (xxxiii. 28). 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) said: By Allah, he knew that my parents would not allow me to separate from him. I said: Is there any need to consult my parents in this matter? I in fact choose Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ) and the abode in the Hereafter. Ma'mar said: Ayyub reported to me that 'A'isha said: Don't inform your wives that I have chosen you, whereupon Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said: Verily Allah has sent me as a conveyer of message, and He has not sent me as a source of hardship (to others). Qatada said:" Saghat qulubukum" means" Your hearts have inclined

Zainab (bint Abu Salama) (Allah be pleased with her) reported:I went to Umm Habiba, the wife of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ), when her father Abu Sufyan had died. Umm Habiba sent for a perfume having yellowness in it or something else like it, and she applied it to a girl and then rubbed it on her cheeks and then said: By Allah, I need no perfume but for the fact that I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say on the pulpit:" It is not permissible for a woman believing in Allah and the Hereafter to mourn for the dead beyond three days, but (in case of the death) of the husband it is permissible for four months and ten days." Zainab said: I then visited Zainab hint Jahsh (Allah be pleased with her) when her brother died and she sent for perfume and applied it and then said: By Allah, I don't feel any need for the perfume but that I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say on the pulpit:" It is not permissible for a woman believing in Allah and the Hereafbler to mourn the dead beyond three days except in case of her husband (for whom she can mourn) for four months and ten days." Zainab (Allah be pleased with her) said: I heard my mother Umm Salama (Allah be pleased with her) as saying: A woman came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said: Allah's Messenger. I have a daughter whose husband has died and there has developed some trouble in her eye; should we apply collyrium to it? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: No (repeating it twice or thrice, saying only, NO" all the time). Then he said: It is only four mouths and ten days, whereas in the preIslamic period none of you threw away the dung until one year had passed. Humaid said: I said to Zainab: What is this throwing of dung until a year is passed? Zainab said: When the husband of a woman died, she went into a hut and put on her worst clothes, and did not apply perfume or something like it until a year was over. Then an animal like a donkey, or a goat, or a bird was brought to her and she rubbed her hand over it, and it so happened that one on which she rubbed her hand died. She then came out of her house and she was given dung and she threw it and then she made use of anything like perfume or something else as she liked

وحدثنا يحيى بن يحيى، قال قرات على مالك عن عبد الله بن ابي بكر، عن حميد بن نافع، عن زينب بنت ابي سلمة، انها اخبرته هذه الاحاديث الثلاثة، قال قالت زينب دخلت على ام حبيبة زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم حين توفي ابوها ابو سفيان فدعت ام حبيبة بطيب فيه صفرة خلوق او غيره فدهنت منه جارية ثم مست بعارضيها ثم قالت والله ما لي بالطيب من حاجة غير اني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول على المنبر " لا يحل لامراة تومن بالله واليوم الاخر تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث الا على زوج اربعة اشهر وعشرا " . قالت زينب ثم دخلت على زينب بنت جحش حين توفي اخوها فدعت بطيب فمست منه ثم قالت والله ما لي بالطيب من حاجة غير اني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول على المنبر " لا يحل لامراة تومن بالله واليوم الاخر تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث الا على زوج اربعة اشهر وعشرا " . قالت زينب سمعت امي ام سلمة، تقول جاءت امراة الى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت يا رسول الله ان ابنتي توفي عنها زوجها وقد اشتكت عينها افنكحلها فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " لا " . مرتين او ثلاثا كل ذلك يقول لا ثم قال " انما هي اربعة اشهر وعشر وقد كانت احداكن في الجاهلية ترمي بالبعرة على راس الحول " . قال حميد قلت لزينب وما ترمي بالبعرة على راس الحول فقالت زينب كانت المراة اذا توفي عنها زوجها دخلت حفشا ولبست شر ثيابها ولم تمس طيبا ولا شييا حتى تمر بها سنة ثم توتى بدابة حمار او شاة او طير فتفتض به فقلما تفتض بشىء الا مات ثم تخرج فتعطى بعرة فترمي بها ثم تراجع بعد ما شاءت من طيب او غيره

Zainab (bint Abu Salama) (Allah be pleased with her) reported:I went to Umm Habiba, the wife of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ), when her father Abu Sufyan had died. Umm Habiba sent for a perfume having yellowness in it or something else like it, and she applied it to a girl and then rubbed it on her cheeks and then said: By Allah, I need no perfume but for the fact that I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say on the pulpit:" It is not permissible for a woman believing in Allah and the Hereafter to mourn for the dead beyond three days, but (in case of the death) of the husband it is permissible for four months and ten days." Zainab said: I then visited Zainab hint Jahsh (Allah be pleased with her) when her brother died and she sent for perfume and applied it and then said: By Allah, I don't feel any need for the perfume but that I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say on the pulpit:" It is not permissible for a woman believing in Allah and the Hereafbler to mourn the dead beyond three days except in case of her husband (for whom she can mourn) for four months and ten days." Zainab (Allah be pleased with her) said: I heard my mother Umm Salama (Allah be pleased with her) as saying: A woman came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said: Allah's Messenger. I have a daughter whose husband has died and there has developed some trouble in her eye; should we apply collyrium to it? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: No (repeating it twice or thrice, saying only, NO" all the time). Then he said: It is only four mouths and ten days, whereas in the preIslamic period none of you threw away the dung until one year had passed. Humaid said: I said to Zainab: What is this throwing of dung until a year is passed? Zainab said: When the husband of a woman died, she went into a hut and put on her worst clothes, and did not apply perfume or something like it until a year was over. Then an animal like a donkey, or a goat, or a bird was brought to her and she rubbed her hand over it, and it so happened that one on which she rubbed her hand died. She then came out of her house and she was given dung and she threw it and then she made use of anything like perfume or something else as she liked

وحدثنا يحيى بن يحيى، قال قرات على مالك عن عبد الله بن ابي بكر، عن حميد بن نافع، عن زينب بنت ابي سلمة، انها اخبرته هذه الاحاديث الثلاثة، قال قالت زينب دخلت على ام حبيبة زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم حين توفي ابوها ابو سفيان فدعت ام حبيبة بطيب فيه صفرة خلوق او غيره فدهنت منه جارية ثم مست بعارضيها ثم قالت والله ما لي بالطيب من حاجة غير اني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول على المنبر " لا يحل لامراة تومن بالله واليوم الاخر تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث الا على زوج اربعة اشهر وعشرا " . قالت زينب ثم دخلت على زينب بنت جحش حين توفي اخوها فدعت بطيب فمست منه ثم قالت والله ما لي بالطيب من حاجة غير اني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول على المنبر " لا يحل لامراة تومن بالله واليوم الاخر تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث الا على زوج اربعة اشهر وعشرا " . قالت زينب سمعت امي ام سلمة، تقول جاءت امراة الى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت يا رسول الله ان ابنتي توفي عنها زوجها وقد اشتكت عينها افنكحلها فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " لا " . مرتين او ثلاثا كل ذلك يقول لا ثم قال " انما هي اربعة اشهر وعشر وقد كانت احداكن في الجاهلية ترمي بالبعرة على راس الحول " . قال حميد قلت لزينب وما ترمي بالبعرة على راس الحول فقالت زينب كانت المراة اذا توفي عنها زوجها دخلت حفشا ولبست شر ثيابها ولم تمس طيبا ولا شييا حتى تمر بها سنة ثم توتى بدابة حمار او شاة او طير فتفتض به فقلما تفتض بشىء الا مات ثم تخرج فتعطى بعرة فترمي بها ثم تراجع بعد ما شاءت من طيب او غيره

Zainab (bint Abu Salama) (Allah be pleased with her) reported:I went to Umm Habiba, the wife of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ), when her father Abu Sufyan had died. Umm Habiba sent for a perfume having yellowness in it or something else like it, and she applied it to a girl and then rubbed it on her cheeks and then said: By Allah, I need no perfume but for the fact that I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say on the pulpit:" It is not permissible for a woman believing in Allah and the Hereafter to mourn for the dead beyond three days, but (in case of the death) of the husband it is permissible for four months and ten days." Zainab said: I then visited Zainab hint Jahsh (Allah be pleased with her) when her brother died and she sent for perfume and applied it and then said: By Allah, I don't feel any need for the perfume but that I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say on the pulpit:" It is not permissible for a woman believing in Allah and the Hereafbler to mourn the dead beyond three days except in case of her husband (for whom she can mourn) for four months and ten days." Zainab (Allah be pleased with her) said: I heard my mother Umm Salama (Allah be pleased with her) as saying: A woman came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said: Allah's Messenger. I have a daughter whose husband has died and there has developed some trouble in her eye; should we apply collyrium to it? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: No (repeating it twice or thrice, saying only, NO" all the time). Then he said: It is only four mouths and ten days, whereas in the preIslamic period none of you threw away the dung until one year had passed. Humaid said: I said to Zainab: What is this throwing of dung until a year is passed? Zainab said: When the husband of a woman died, she went into a hut and put on her worst clothes, and did not apply perfume or something like it until a year was over. Then an animal like a donkey, or a goat, or a bird was brought to her and she rubbed her hand over it, and it so happened that one on which she rubbed her hand died. She then came out of her house and she was given dung and she threw it and then she made use of anything like perfume or something else as she liked

وحدثنا يحيى بن يحيى، قال قرات على مالك عن عبد الله بن ابي بكر، عن حميد بن نافع، عن زينب بنت ابي سلمة، انها اخبرته هذه الاحاديث الثلاثة، قال قالت زينب دخلت على ام حبيبة زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم حين توفي ابوها ابو سفيان فدعت ام حبيبة بطيب فيه صفرة خلوق او غيره فدهنت منه جارية ثم مست بعارضيها ثم قالت والله ما لي بالطيب من حاجة غير اني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول على المنبر " لا يحل لامراة تومن بالله واليوم الاخر تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث الا على زوج اربعة اشهر وعشرا " . قالت زينب ثم دخلت على زينب بنت جحش حين توفي اخوها فدعت بطيب فمست منه ثم قالت والله ما لي بالطيب من حاجة غير اني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول على المنبر " لا يحل لامراة تومن بالله واليوم الاخر تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث الا على زوج اربعة اشهر وعشرا " . قالت زينب سمعت امي ام سلمة، تقول جاءت امراة الى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت يا رسول الله ان ابنتي توفي عنها زوجها وقد اشتكت عينها افنكحلها فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " لا " . مرتين او ثلاثا كل ذلك يقول لا ثم قال " انما هي اربعة اشهر وعشر وقد كانت احداكن في الجاهلية ترمي بالبعرة على راس الحول " . قال حميد قلت لزينب وما ترمي بالبعرة على راس الحول فقالت زينب كانت المراة اذا توفي عنها زوجها دخلت حفشا ولبست شر ثيابها ولم تمس طيبا ولا شييا حتى تمر بها سنة ثم توتى بدابة حمار او شاة او طير فتفتض به فقلما تفتض بشىء الا مات ثم تخرج فتعطى بعرة فترمي بها ثم تراجع بعد ما شاءت من طيب او غيره

This hadith was narrated by Zainab from her mother and from Zainab, the wife of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ), or from some other lady from among the wives of the Prophet (ﷺ)

وحدثته زينب، عن امها، وعن زينب، زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم او عن امراة من بعض ازواج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) as saying:He who took the freed slave as his ally without the consent of his previous master, there is upon him the curse of Allah and that of His angels and that of the whole mankind, and there will not be accepted from him his obligatory acts or supercrogatory acts on the Day of Resurrection. This hadith is narrated through the same chain of transmitters, but with a slight change of words

حدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، حدثنا حسين بن علي الجعفي، عن زايدة، عن سليمان، عن ابي صالح، عن ابي هريرة، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال " من تولى قوما بغير اذن مواليه فعليه لعنة الله والملايكة والناس اجمعين لا يقبل منه يوم القيامة عدل ولا صرف " . وحدثنيه ابراهيم بن دينار، حدثنا عبيد الله بن موسى، حدثنا شيبان، عن الاعمش، بهذا الاسناد غير انه قال " ومن والى غير مواليه بغير اذنهم

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:He who buys foodgrain should not sell that before taking possession of it. He (the narrator) said: We used to buy foodgrain from the caravans in bulk, but Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade us to re-sell that until we had shifted it to some other place

حدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، حدثنا علي بن مسهر، عن عبيد الله، ح وحدثنا محمد بن عبد الله بن نمير، - واللفظ له - حدثنا ابي، حدثنا عبيد الله، عن نافع، عن ابن، عمر ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال " من اشترى طعاما فلا يبعه حتى يستوفيه" . قال وكنا نشتري الطعام من الركبان جزافا فنهانا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ان نبيعه حتى ننقله من مكانه

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of 'Uqba b. Amir Juhani. but in this no mention has been made of" barefoot

وحدثني محمد بن رافع، حدثنا عبد الرزاق، اخبرنا ابن جريج، اخبرنا سعيد، بن ابي ايوب ان يزيد بن ابي حبيب، اخبره ان ابا الخير حدثه عن عقبة بن عامر الجهني، انه قال نذرت اختي . فذكر بمثل حديث مفضل ولم يذكر في الحديث حافية . وزاد وكان ابو الخير لا يفارق عقبة . وحدثنيه محمد بن حاتم، وابن ابي خلف، قالا حدثنا روح بن عبادة، حدثنا ابن، جريج اخبرني يحيى بن ايوب، ان يزيد بن ابي حبيب، اخبره بهذا الاسناد، . مثل حديث عبد الرزاق

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of 'Uqba b. Amir Juhani. but in this no mention has been made of" barefoot

وحدثني محمد بن رافع، حدثنا عبد الرزاق، اخبرنا ابن جريج، اخبرنا سعيد، بن ابي ايوب ان يزيد بن ابي حبيب، اخبره ان ابا الخير حدثه عن عقبة بن عامر الجهني، انه قال نذرت اختي . فذكر بمثل حديث مفضل ولم يذكر في الحديث حافية . وزاد وكان ابو الخير لا يفارق عقبة . وحدثنيه محمد بن حاتم، وابن ابي خلف، قالا حدثنا روح بن عبادة، حدثنا ابن، جريج اخبرني يحيى بن ايوب، ان يزيد بن ابي حبيب، اخبره بهذا الاسناد، . مثل حديث عبد الرزاق

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Zuhri with the same chain of transmitters

وحدثني ابو الطاهر، وحرملة، قالا اخبرنا ابن وهب، اخبرني يونس، ح وحدثني عمرو الناقد، حدثنا يعقوب بن ابراهيم بن سعد، حدثنا ابي، عن صالح، ح وحدثنا عبد، بن حميد اخبرنا عبد الرزاق، عن معمر، كلهم عن الزهري، بهذا الاسناد . نحوه

Zaid b. Khalid al-Juhani reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was asked about picking up of stray things, whereupon he said:Make announcement of that for one year, but if it is not recognised (by the owner), then recognise its big and strap, then eat it; and if its owner comes, then give that to him. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Al-Dahhak b. Uthman with the same chain of transmitters but with a slight variation of words

وحدثني ابو الطاهر، احمد بن عمرو بن سرح اخبرنا عبد الله بن وهب، حدثني الضحاك بن عثمان، عن ابي النضر، عن بسر بن سعيد، عن زيد بن خالد الجهني، قال سيل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن اللقطة فقال " عرفها سنة فان لم تعترف فاعرف عفاصها ووكاءها ثم كلها فان جاء صاحبها فادها اليه " . وحدثنيه اسحاق بن منصور، اخبرنا ابو بكر الحنفي، حدثنا الضحاك بن عثمان، بهذا الاسناد وقال في الحديث " فان اعترفت فادها والا فاعرف عفاصها ووكاءها وعددها

Zaid b. Khalid al-Juhani reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was asked about picking up of stray things, whereupon he said:Make announcement of that for one year, but if it is not recognised (by the owner), then recognise its big and strap, then eat it; and if its owner comes, then give that to him. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Al-Dahhak b. Uthman with the same chain of transmitters but with a slight variation of words

وحدثني ابو الطاهر، احمد بن عمرو بن سرح اخبرنا عبد الله بن وهب، حدثني الضحاك بن عثمان، عن ابي النضر، عن بسر بن سعيد، عن زيد بن خالد الجهني، قال سيل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن اللقطة فقال " عرفها سنة فان لم تعترف فاعرف عفاصها ووكاءها ثم كلها فان جاء صاحبها فادها اليه " . وحدثنيه اسحاق بن منصور، اخبرنا ابو بكر الحنفي، حدثنا الضحاك بن عثمان، بهذا الاسناد وقال في الحديث " فان اعترفت فادها والا فاعرف عفاصها ووكاءها وعددها

It has been reported from Sulaiman b. Buraida through his father that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) appointed anyone as leader of an army or detachment he would especially exhort him to fear Allah and to be good to the Muslims who were with him. He would say:Fight in the name of Allah and in the way of Allah. Fight against those who disbelieve in Allah. Make a holy war, do not embezzle the spoils; do not break your pledge; and do not mutilate (the dead) bodies; do not kill the children. When you meet your enemies who are polytheists, invite them to three courses of action. If they respond to any one of these, you also accept it and withhold yourself from doing them any harm. Invite them to (accept) Islam; if they respond to you, accept it from them and desist from fighting against them. Then invite them to migrate from their lands to the land of the Muhajireen and inform them that, if they do so, they shall have all the privileges and obligations of the Muhajireen. If they refuse to migrate, tell them that they will have the status of Bedouin Muslims and will be subjected to the Commands of Allah like other Muslims, but they will not get any share from the spoils of war or Fai' except when they actually fight with the Muslims (against the disbelievers). If they refuse to accept Islam, demand from them the Jizya. If they agree to pay, accept it from them and hold off your hands. If they refuse to pay the tax, seek Allah's help and fight them. When you lay siege to a fort and the besieged appeal to you for protection in the name of Allah and His Prophet, do not accord to them the guarantee of Allah and His Prophet, but accord to them your own guarantee and the guarantee of your companions for it is a lesser sin that the security given by you or your companions be disregarded than that the security granted in the name of Allah and His Prophet be violated. When you besiege a fort and the besieged want you to let them out in accordance with Allah's Command, do not let them come out in accordance with His Command, but do so at your (own) command, for you do not know whether or not you will be able to carry out Allah's behest with regard to them

حدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، حدثنا وكيع بن الجراح، عن سفيان، ح وحدثنا اسحاق بن ابراهيم، اخبرنا يحيى بن ادم، حدثنا سفيان، قال املاه علينا املاء ح. وحدثني عبد الله بن هاشم، - واللفظ له - حدثني عبد الرحمن، - يعني ابن مهدي - حدثنا سفيان، عن علقمة بن مرثد، عن سليمان بن بريدة، عن ابيه، قال كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم اذا امر اميرا على جيش او سرية اوصاه في خاصته بتقوى الله ومن معه من المسلمين خيرا ثم قال " اغزوا باسم الله في سبيل الله قاتلوا من كفر بالله اغزوا و لا تغلوا ولا تغدروا ولا تمثلوا ولا تقتلوا وليدا واذا لقيت عدوك من المشركين فادعهم الى ثلاث خصال - او خلال - فايتهن ما اجابوك فاقبل منهم وكف عنهم ثم ادعهم الى الاسلام فان اجابوك فاقبل منهم وكف عنهم ثم ادعهم الى التحول من دارهم الى دار المهاجرين واخبرهم انهم ان فعلوا ذلك فلهم ما للمهاجرين وعليهم ما على المهاجرين فان ابوا ان يتحولوا منها فاخبرهم انهم يكونون كاعراب المسلمين يجري عليهم حكم الله الذي يجري على المومنين ولا يكون لهم في الغنيمة والفىء شىء الا ان يجاهدوا مع المسلمين فان هم ابوا فسلهم الجزية فان هم اجابوك فاقبل منهم وكف عنهم فان هم ابوا فاستعن بالله وقاتلهم . واذا حاصرت اهل حصن فارادوك ان تجعل لهم ذمة الله وذمة نبيه فلا تجعل لهم ذمة الله ولا ذمة نبيه ولكن اجعل لهم ذمتك وذمة اصحابك فانكم ان تخفروا ذممكم وذمم اصحابكم اهون من ان تخفروا ذمة الله وذمة رسوله . واذا حاصرت اهل حصن فارادوك ان تنزلهم على حكم الله فلا تنزلهم على حكم الله ولكن انزلهم على حكمك فانك لا تدري اتصيب حكم الله فيهم ام لا " . قال عبد الرحمن هذا او نحوه وزاد اسحاق في اخر حديثه عن يحيى بن ادم قال فذكرت هذا الحديث لمقاتل بن حيان - قال يحيى يعني ان علقمة يقوله لابن حيان - فقال حدثني مسلم بن هيصم عن النعمان بن مقرن عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم نحوه

It has been reported from Sulaiman b. Buraida through his father that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) appointed anyone as leader of an army or detachment he would especially exhort him to fear Allah and to be good to the Muslims who were with him. He would say:Fight in the name of Allah and in the way of Allah. Fight against those who disbelieve in Allah. Make a holy war, do not embezzle the spoils; do not break your pledge; and do not mutilate (the dead) bodies; do not kill the children. When you meet your enemies who are polytheists, invite them to three courses of action. If they respond to any one of these, you also accept it and withhold yourself from doing them any harm. Invite them to (accept) Islam; if they respond to you, accept it from them and desist from fighting against them. Then invite them to migrate from their lands to the land of the Muhajireen and inform them that, if they do so, they shall have all the privileges and obligations of the Muhajireen. If they refuse to migrate, tell them that they will have the status of Bedouin Muslims and will be subjected to the Commands of Allah like other Muslims, but they will not get any share from the spoils of war or Fai' except when they actually fight with the Muslims (against the disbelievers). If they refuse to accept Islam, demand from them the Jizya. If they agree to pay, accept it from them and hold off your hands. If they refuse to pay the tax, seek Allah's help and fight them. When you lay siege to a fort and the besieged appeal to you for protection in the name of Allah and His Prophet, do not accord to them the guarantee of Allah and His Prophet, but accord to them your own guarantee and the guarantee of your companions for it is a lesser sin that the security given by you or your companions be disregarded than that the security granted in the name of Allah and His Prophet be violated. When you besiege a fort and the besieged want you to let them out in accordance with Allah's Command, do not let them come out in accordance with His Command, but do so at your (own) command, for you do not know whether or not you will be able to carry out Allah's behest with regard to them

حدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، حدثنا وكيع بن الجراح، عن سفيان، ح وحدثنا اسحاق بن ابراهيم، اخبرنا يحيى بن ادم، حدثنا سفيان، قال املاه علينا املاء ح. وحدثني عبد الله بن هاشم، - واللفظ له - حدثني عبد الرحمن، - يعني ابن مهدي - حدثنا سفيان، عن علقمة بن مرثد، عن سليمان بن بريدة، عن ابيه، قال كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم اذا امر اميرا على جيش او سرية اوصاه في خاصته بتقوى الله ومن معه من المسلمين خيرا ثم قال " اغزوا باسم الله في سبيل الله قاتلوا من كفر بالله اغزوا و لا تغلوا ولا تغدروا ولا تمثلوا ولا تقتلوا وليدا واذا لقيت عدوك من المشركين فادعهم الى ثلاث خصال - او خلال - فايتهن ما اجابوك فاقبل منهم وكف عنهم ثم ادعهم الى الاسلام فان اجابوك فاقبل منهم وكف عنهم ثم ادعهم الى التحول من دارهم الى دار المهاجرين واخبرهم انهم ان فعلوا ذلك فلهم ما للمهاجرين وعليهم ما على المهاجرين فان ابوا ان يتحولوا منها فاخبرهم انهم يكونون كاعراب المسلمين يجري عليهم حكم الله الذي يجري على المومنين ولا يكون لهم في الغنيمة والفىء شىء الا ان يجاهدوا مع المسلمين فان هم ابوا فسلهم الجزية فان هم اجابوك فاقبل منهم وكف عنهم فان هم ابوا فاستعن بالله وقاتلهم . واذا حاصرت اهل حصن فارادوك ان تجعل لهم ذمة الله وذمة نبيه فلا تجعل لهم ذمة الله ولا ذمة نبيه ولكن اجعل لهم ذمتك وذمة اصحابك فانكم ان تخفروا ذممكم وذمم اصحابكم اهون من ان تخفروا ذمة الله وذمة رسوله . واذا حاصرت اهل حصن فارادوك ان تنزلهم على حكم الله فلا تنزلهم على حكم الله ولكن انزلهم على حكمك فانك لا تدري اتصيب حكم الله فيهم ام لا " . قال عبد الرحمن هذا او نحوه وزاد اسحاق في اخر حديثه عن يحيى بن ادم قال فذكرت هذا الحديث لمقاتل بن حيان - قال يحيى يعني ان علقمة يقوله لابن حيان - فقال حدثني مسلم بن هيصم عن النعمان بن مقرن عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم نحوه

It has been narrated on the authority of Anas that, on the Day of Hunain. Umm Sulaim took out a dagger she had in her possession. Abiu Talha saw her and said:Messenger of Allah, this is Umm Sulaim. She is holding a dagger. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) asked (her): What for are you holding this dagger? She said: I took it up so that I may tear open the belly of a polytheist who comes near me. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) began to smile (at these words). She said: Messenger of Allah, kill all those people-other than us-whom thou hast declared to be free (on the day of the Conquest of Mecca). (They embraced Islam because) they were defeated at your hands (and as such their Islam is not dependable). The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Umm Sulaim. God is sufficient (against the mischief of the polytheists) and He will be kind to us (so you need not carry this dagger)

حدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، حدثنا يزيد بن هارون، اخبرنا حماد بن سلمة، عن ثابت، عن انس، ان ام سليم، اتخذت يوم حنين خنجرا فكان معها فراها ابو طلحة فقال يا رسول الله هذه ام سليم معها خنجر فقال لها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " ما هذا الخنجر " . قالت اتخذته ان دنا مني احد من المشركين بقرت به بطنه . فجعل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يضحك قالت يا رسول الله اقتل من بعدنا من الطلقاء انهزموا بك . فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " يا ام سليم ان الله قد كفى واحسن " . وحدثنيه محمد بن حاتم، حدثنا بهز، حدثنا حماد بن سلمة، اخبرنا اسحاق بن، عبد الله بن ابي طلحة عن انس بن مالك، في قصة ام سليم عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم مثل حديث ثابت