Sahih al-Bukhari — Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an

Narrated Zaid bin Arqam:We used to speak while in prayer. One of us used to speak to his brother (while in prayer) about his need, till the Verse was revealed:-- "Guard strictly the (five obligatory) prayers, especially the middle (the Best) (`Asr) Prayer and stand before Allah with obedience (and not to speak to others during the prayers)." Then we were ordered not to speak in the prayers

حدثنا مسدد، حدثنا يحيى، عن اسماعيل بن ابي خالد، عن الحارث بن شبيل، عن ابي عمرو الشيباني، عن زيد بن ارقم، قال كنا نتكلم في الصلاة يكلم احدنا اخاه في حاجته حتى نزلت هذه الاية {حافظوا على الصلوات والصلاة الوسطى وقوموا لله قانتين} فامرنا بالسكوت

Narrated Nafi`:Whenever `Abdullah bin `Umar was asked about Salat-al-Khauf (i.e. prayer of fear) he said, "The Imam comes forward with a group of people and leads them in a one rak`a prayer while another group from them who has not prayed yet, stay between the praying group and the enemy. When those who are with the Imam have finished their one rak`a, they retreat and take the positions of those who have not prayed but they will not finish their prayers with Taslim. Those who have not prayed, come forward to offer a rak`a with the Imam (while the first group covers them from the enemy). Then the Imam, having offered two rak`at, finishes his prayer. Then each member of the two groups offer the second rak`a alone after the Imam has finished his prayer. Thus each one of the two groups will have offered two rak`at. But if the fear is too great, they can pray standing on their feet or riding on their mounts, facing the Qibla or not." Nafi` added: I do not think that `Abdullah bin `Umar narrated this except from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (See Hadith No. 451, Vol 5 to know exactly "The Fear Prayer)

حدثنا عبد الله بن يوسف، حدثنا مالك، عن نافع، ان عبد الله بن عمر رضى الله عنهما كان اذا سيل عن صلاة الخوف قال يتقدم الامام وطايفة من الناس فيصلي بهم الامام ركعة، وتكون طايفة منهم بينهم وبين العدو لم يصلوا، فاذا صلوا الذين معه ركعة استاخروا مكان الذين لم يصلوا ولا يسلمون، ويتقدم الذين لم يصلوا فيصلون معه ركعة، ثم ينصرف الامام وقد صلى ركعتين، فيقوم كل واحد من الطايفتين فيصلون لانفسهم ركعة بعد ان ينصرف الامام، فيكون كل واحد من الطايفتين قد صلى ركعتين، فان كان خوف هو اشد من ذلك صلوا رجالا، قياما على اقدامهم، او ركبانا مستقبلي القبلة او غير مستقبليها. قال مالك قال نافع لا ارى عبد الله بن عمر ذكر ذلك الا عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم

Narrated Ibn Az-Zubair:I said to `Uthman, "This Verse which is in Surat-al-Baqara: "Those of you who die and leave widows behind...without turning them out." has been abrogated by another Verse. Why then do you write it (in the Qur'an)?" `Uthman said. "Leave it (where it is), O the son of my brother, for I will not shift anything of it (i.e. the Qur'an) from its original position

حدثني عبد الله بن ابي الاسود، حدثنا حميد بن الاسود، ويزيد بن زريع، قالا حدثنا حبيب بن الشهيد، عن ابن ابي مليكة، قال قال ابن الزبير قلت لعثمان هذه الاية التي في البقرة {والذين يتوفون منكم ويذرون ازواجا} الى قوله {غير اخراج} قد نسختها الاخرى، فلم تكتبها قال تدعها. يا ابن اخي لا اغير شييا منه من مكانه. قال حميد او نحو هذا

Narrated Abu Huraira:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "We have more right to be in doubt than Abraham when he said, 'My Lord! Show me how You give life to the dead.' He said, 'Do you not believe?' He said, 'Yes (I believe) but to be stronger in Faith

حدثنا احمد بن صالح، حدثنا ابن وهب، اخبرني يونس، عن ابن شهاب، عن ابي سلمة، وسعيد، عن ابي هريرة رضى الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " نحن احق بالشك من ابراهيم اذ قال {رب ارني كيف تحيي الموتى قال اولم تومن قال بلى ولكن ليطمين قلبي}

Narrated Ubaid bin Umair:Once `Umar (bin Al-Khattab) said to the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) "What do you think about this Verse:--"Does any of you wish that he should have a garden?" They replied, "Allah knows best." `Umar became angry and said, "Either say that you know or say that you do not know!" On that Ibn `Abbas said, "O chief of the believers! I have something in my mind to say about it." `Umar said, "O son of my brother! Say, and do not under estimate yourself." Ibn `Abbas said, "This Verse has been set up as an example for deeds." `Umar said, "What kind of deeds?" Ibn `Abbas said, "For deeds." `Umar said, "This is an example for a rich man who does good out of obedience of Allah and then Allah sends him Satan whereupon he commits sins till all his good deeds are lost

حدثنا ابراهيم، اخبرنا هشام، عن ابن جريج، سمعت عبد الله بن ابي مليكة، يحدث عن ابن عباس،. قال وسمعت اخاه ابا بكر بن ابي مليكة، يحدث عن عبيد بن عمير، قال قال عمر رضى الله عنه يوما لاصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فيم ترون هذه الاية نزلت {ايود احدكم ان تكون له جنة} قالوا الله اعلم. فغضب عمر فقال قولوا نعلم او لا نعلم. فقال ابن عباس في نفسي منها شىء يا امير المومنين. قال عمر يا ابن اخي قل ولا تحقر نفسك. قال ابن عباس ضربت مثلا لعمل. قال عمر اى عمل قال ابن عباس لعمل. قال عمر لرجل غني يعمل بطاعة الله عز وجل، ثم بعث الله له الشيطان فعمل بالمعاصي حتى اغرق اعماله. {فصرهن} قطعهن

Narrated Abu Huraira:The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The poor person is not the one for whom a date or two or a morsel or two (of food is sufficient but the poor person is he who does not (beg or) ask the people (for something) or show his poverty at all. Recite if you wish, (Allah's Statement): "They do not beg of people at all

حدثنا ابن ابي مريم، حدثنا محمد بن جعفر، قال حدثني شريك بن ابي نمر، ان عطاء بن يسار، وعبد الرحمن بن ابي عمرة الانصاري، قالا سمعنا ابا هريرة رضى الله عنه يقول قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم " ليس المسكين الذي ترده التمرة والتمرتان ولا اللقمة ولا اللقمتان. انما المسكين الذي يتعفف واقرءوا ان شيتم يعني قوله {لا يسالون الناس الحافا}

Narrated `Aisha:When the Verses of Surat-al-Baqara regarding usury (i.e. Riba) were revealed, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) recited them before the people and then he prohibited the trade of alcoholic liquors

حدثنا عمر بن حفص بن غياث، حدثنا ابي، حدثنا الاعمش، حدثنا مسلم، عن مسروق، عن عايشة رضى الله عنها قالت لما نزلت الايات من اخر سورة البقرة في الربا قراها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم على الناس، ثم حرم التجارة في الخمر

Narrated `Aisha:When the last Verses of Surat-al-Baqara were revealed. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went out and recited them in the Mosque and prohibited the trade of alcoholic liquors

حدثنا بشر بن خالد، اخبرنا محمد بن جعفر، عن شعبة، عن سليمان، سمعت ابا الضحى، يحدث عن مسروق، عن عايشة، انها قالت لما انزلت الايات الاواخر من سورة البقرة خرج رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فتلاهن في المسجد، فحرم التجارة في الخمر

Narrated `Aisha:When the last Verses of Surat-al-Baqara were revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) read them in the Mosque and prohibited the trade of alcoholic liquors

حدثني محمد بن بشار، حدثنا غندر، حدثنا شعبة، عن منصور، عن ابي الضحى، عن مسروق، عن عايشة، قالت لما انزلت الايات من اخر سورة البقرة قراهن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في المسجد، وحرم التجارة في الخمر

Narrated `Aisha:When the last Verses of Surat-al-Baqara were revealed, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) stood up and recited them before us and then prohibited the trade of alcoholic liquors

وقال لنا محمد بن يوسف عن سفيان، عن منصور، والاعمش، عن ابي الضحى، عن مسروق، عن عايشة، قالت لما انزلت الايات من اخر سورة البقرة قام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقراهن علينا، ثم حرم التجارة في الخمر

Narrated Ibn `Abbas:The last Verse (in the Qur'an) revealed to the Prophet (ﷺ) was the Verse dealing with usury (i.e. Riba)

حدثنا قبيصة بن عقبة، حدثنا سفيان، عن عاصم، عن الشعبي، عن ابن عباس رضى الله عنهما قال اخر اية نزلت على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم اية الربا

Narrated Ibn `Umar:This Verse:--"Whether you show what is in your minds or conceal it.." (2.284) was abrogated

حدثنا محمد، حدثنا النفيلي، حدثنا مسكين، عن شعبة، عن خالد الحذاء، عن مروان الاصفر، عن رجل، من اصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وهو ابن عمر انها قد نسخت {وان تبدوا ما في انفسكم او تخفوه} الاية

Narrated Marwan Al-Asfar:A man from the companions of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) who I think, was Ibn `Umar said, "The Verse:-- "Whether you show what is in your minds or conceal it...." was abrogated by the Verse following it

حدثني اسحاق، اخبرنا روح، اخبرنا شعبة، عن خالد الحذاء، عن مروان الاصفر، عن رجل، من اصحاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال احسبه ابن عمر {ان تبدوا ما في انفسكم او تخفوه} قال نسختها الاية التي بعدها

Narrated `Aisha:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) recited the Verse:-- "It is He who has sent down to you the Book. In it are Verses that are entirely clear, they are the foundation of the Book, others not entirely clear. So as for those in whose hearts there is a deviation (from the Truth ). follow thereof that is not entirely clear seeking affliction and searching for its hidden meanings; but no one knows its hidden meanings but Allah. And those who are firmly grounded in knowledge say: "We believe in it (i.e. in the Qur'an) the whole of it (i.e. its clear and unclear Verses) are from our Lord. And none receive admonition except men of understanding." (3.7) Then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "If you see those who follow thereof that is not entirely clear, then they are those whom Allah has named [as having deviation (from the Truth)] 'So beware of them

حدثنا عبد الله بن مسلمة، حدثنا يزيد بن ابراهيم التستري، عن ابن ابي مليكة، عن القاسم بن محمد، عن عايشة رضى الله عنها قالت تلا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم هذه الاية {هو الذي انزل عليك الكتاب منه ايات محكمات هن ام الكتاب واخر متشابهات فاما الذين في قلوبهم زيغ فيتبعون ما تشابه منه ابتغاء الفتنة وابتغاء تاويله} الى قوله {اولو الالباب} قالت قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " فاذا رايت الذين يتبعون ما تشابه منه، فاوليك الذين سمى الله، فاحذروهم

Narrated Sa`id bin Al-Musaiyab:Abu Huraira said, "The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'No child is born but that, Satan touches it when it is born whereupon it starts crying loudly because of being touched by Satan, except Mary and her son." Abu Huraira then said, "Recite, if you wish: "And I seek Refuge with You (Allah) for her and her offspring from Satan, the outcast

حدثني عبد الله بن محمد، حدثنا عبد الرزاق، اخبرنا معمر، عن الزهري، عن سعيد بن المسيب، عن ابي هريرة رضى الله عنه ان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال " ما من مولود يولد الا والشيطان يمسه حين يولد، فيستهل صارخا من مس الشيطان اياه، الا مريم وابنها ". ثم يقول ابو هريرة واقرءوا ان شيتم {واني اعيذها بك وذريتها من الشيطان الرجيم}

Narrated Abu Wail:`Abdullah bin Masud said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Whoever takes an oath when asked to do so, in which he may deprive a Muslim of his property unlawfully, will meet Allah Who will be angry with him.' So Allah revealed in confirmation of this statement:--"Verily! Those who Purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's Covenant and oaths, they shall have no portion in the Hereafter..." (3.77) Then entered Al-Ash'ath bin Qais and said, "What is Abu `Abdur-Rahman narrating to you?" We replied, 'So-and-so." Al-Ash'ath said, "This Verse was revealed in my connection. I had a well in the land of my cousin (and he denied my, possessing it). On that the Prophet (ﷺ) said to me, 'Either you bring forward a proof or he (i.e. your cousin) takes an oath (to confirm his claim)' I said, 'I am sure he would take a (false) oath, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ).' He said, 'If somebody takes an oath when asked to do so through which he may deprive a Muslim of his property (unlawfully) and he is a liar in his oath, he will meet Allah Who will be angry with him

حدثنا حجاج بن منهال، حدثنا ابو عوانة، عن الاعمش، عن ابي وايل، عن عبد الله بن مسعود رضى الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " من حلف يمين صبر ليقتطع بها مال امري مسلم، لقي الله وهو عليه غضبان ". فانزل الله تصديق ذلك {ان الذين يشترون بعهد الله وايمانهم ثمنا قليلا اوليك لا خلاق لهم في الاخرة} الى اخر الاية. قال فدخل الاشعث بن قيس وقال ما يحدثكم ابو عبد الرحمن قلنا كذا وكذا. قال في انزلت كانت لي بير في ارض ابن عم لي قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم " بينتك او يمينه " فقلت اذا يحلف يا رسول الله. فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم " من حلف على يمين صبر يقتطع بها مال امري مسلم وهو فيها فاجر، لقي الله وهو عليه غضبان

Narrated Abu Wail:`Abdullah bin Masud said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Whoever takes an oath when asked to do so, in which he may deprive a Muslim of his property unlawfully, will meet Allah Who will be angry with him.' So Allah revealed in confirmation of this statement:--"Verily! Those who Purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's Covenant and oaths, they shall have no portion in the Hereafter..." (3.77) Then entered Al-Ash'ath bin Qais and said, "What is Abu `Abdur-Rahman narrating to you?" We replied, 'So-and-so." Al-Ash'ath said, "This Verse was revealed in my connection. I had a well in the land of my cousin (and he denied my, possessing it). On that the Prophet (ﷺ) said to me, 'Either you bring forward a proof or he (i.e. your cousin) takes an oath (to confirm his claim)' I said, 'I am sure he would take a (false) oath, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ).' He said, 'If somebody takes an oath when asked to do so through which he may deprive a Muslim of his property (unlawfully) and he is a liar in his oath, he will meet Allah Who will be angry with him

حدثنا حجاج بن منهال، حدثنا ابو عوانة، عن الاعمش، عن ابي وايل، عن عبد الله بن مسعود رضى الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " من حلف يمين صبر ليقتطع بها مال امري مسلم، لقي الله وهو عليه غضبان ". فانزل الله تصديق ذلك {ان الذين يشترون بعهد الله وايمانهم ثمنا قليلا اوليك لا خلاق لهم في الاخرة} الى اخر الاية. قال فدخل الاشعث بن قيس وقال ما يحدثكم ابو عبد الرحمن قلنا كذا وكذا. قال في انزلت كانت لي بير في ارض ابن عم لي قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم " بينتك او يمينه " فقلت اذا يحلف يا رسول الله. فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم " من حلف على يمين صبر يقتطع بها مال امري مسلم وهو فيها فاجر، لقي الله وهو عليه غضبان

Narrated `Abdullah bin Abu `Aufa:A man displayed some merchandise in the market and took an oath that he had been offered a certain price for it while in fact he had not, in order to cheat a man from the Muslims. So then was revealed:-- "Verily! Those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's Covenant and their oaths

حدثنا علي هو ابن ابي هاشم سمع هشيما، اخبرنا العوام بن حوشب، عن ابراهيم بن عبد الرحمن، عن عبد الله بن ابي اوفى رضى الله عنهما ان رجلا، اقام سلعة في السوق فحلف فيها لقد اعطى بها ما لم يعطه. ليوقع فيها رجلا من المسلمين، فنزلت {ان الذين يشترون بعهد الله وايمانهم ثمنا قليلا} الى اخر الاية

Narrated Ibn Abu Mulaika:Two women were stitching shoes in a house or a room. Then one of them came out with an awl driven into her hand, and she sued the other for it. The case was brought before Ibn `Abbas, Ibn `Abbas said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'If people were to be given what they claim (without proving their claim) the life and property of the nation would be lost.' Will you remind her (i.e. the defendant), of Allah and recite before her:--"Verily! Those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's Covenant and their oaths..."(3.77) So they reminded her and she confessed. Ibn `Abbas then said, "The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'The oath is to be taken by the defendant (in the absence of any proof against him)

حدثنا نصر بن علي بن نصر، حدثنا عبد الله بن داود، عن ابن جريج، عن ابن ابي مليكة، ان امراتين، كانتا تخرزان في بيت او في الحجرة فخرجت احداهما وقد انفذ باشفى في كفها، فادعت على الاخرى، فرفع الى ابن عباس، فقال ابن عباس قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " لو يعطى الناس بدعواهم لذهب دماء قوم واموالهم ". ذكروها بالله واقرءوا عليها {ان الذين يشترون بعهد الله}. فذكروها فاعترفت، فقال ابن عباس قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم " اليمين على المدعى عليه

Narrated Ibn `Abbas:Abu Sufyan narrated to me personally, saying, "I set out during the Truce that had been concluded between me and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). While I was in Sham, a letter sent by the Prophet (ﷺ) was brought to Heraclius. Dihya Al-Kalbi had brought and given it to the governor of Busra, and the latter forwarded it to Heraclius. Heraclius said, 'Is there anyone from the people of this man who claims to be a prophet?' The people replied, 'Yes.' So I along with some of Quraishi men were called and we entered upon Heraclius, and we were seated in front of him. Then he said, 'Who amongst you is the nearest relative to the man who claims to be a prophet?' So they made me sit in front of him and made my companions sit behind me. Then he called upon his translator and said (to him), 'Tell them (i.e. Abu Sufyan's companions) that I am going to ask him (i.e. Abu Sufyan) regarding that man who claims to be a prophet. So, if he tells me a lie, they should contradict him (instantly).' By Allah, had I not been afraid that my companions would consider me a liar, I would have told lies. Heraclius then said to his translator, 'Ask him: What is his (i.e. the Prophet's) family status amongst you? I said, 'He belongs to a noble family amongst us." Heraclius said, 'Was any of his ancestors a king?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'Did you ever accuse him of telling lies before his saying what he has said?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'Do the nobles follow him or the poor people?' I said, 'It is the poor who followed him.' He said, 'Is the number of his followers increasing or decreasing?' I said, 'They are increasing.' He said, 'Does anyone renounce his religion (i.e. Islam) after embracing it, being displeased with it?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'Did you fight with him?' I replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'How was your fighting with him?' I said, 'The fighting between us was undecided and victory was shared by him and us by turns. He inflicts casualties upon us and we inflict casualties upon him.' He said, 'Did he ever betray?' I said, 'No, but now we are away from him in this truce and we do not know what he will do in it" Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah, I was not able to insert in my speech a word (against him) except that. Heraclius said, 'Did anybody else (amongst you) ever claim the same (i.e. Islam) before him?' I said, 'No.' Then Heraclius told his translator to tell me (i.e. Abu Sufyan), 'I asked you about his family status amongst you, and you told me that he comes from a noble family amongst you. Verily, all Apostles come from the noblest family among their people. Then I asked you whether any of his ancestors was a king, and you denied that. Thereupon I thought that had one of his fore-fathers been a king, I would have said that he (i.e. Muhammad) was seeking to rule the kingdom of his fore-fathers. Then I asked you regarding his followers, whether they were the noble or the poor among the people, and you said that they were only the poor (who follow him). In fact, such are the followers of the Apostles. Then I asked you whether you have ever accused him of telling lies before saying what he said, and your reply was in the negative. Therefore, I took for granted that a man who did not tell a lie about others, could ever tell a lie about Allah. Then I asked you whether anyone of his followers had renounced his religion (i.e. Islam) after embracing it, being displeased with it, and you denied that. And such is Faith when it mixes with the cheerfulness of the hearts. Then I asked you whether his followers were increasing or decreasing. You claimed that they were increasing. That is the way of true faith till it is complete. Then I asked you whether you had ever fought with him, and you claimed that you had fought with him and the battle between you and him was undecided and the victory was shared by you and him in turns; he inflicted casualties upon you and you inflicted casualties upon them. Such is the case with the Apostles; they are put to test and the final victory is for them. Then I asked you whether he had ever betrayed; you claimed that he had never betrayed. Indeed, Apostles never betray. Then I asked you whether anyone had said this statement before him; and you denied that. Thereupon I thought if somebody had said that statement before him, then I would have said that he was but a man copying some sayings said before him." Abu Sufyan said, "Heraclius then asked me, 'What does he order you to do?' I said, 'He orders us (to offer) prayers and (to pay) Zakat and to keep good relationship with the Kith and kin and to be chaste.' Then Heraclius said, 'If whatever you have said, is true, he is really a prophet, and I knew that he ( i.e. the Prophet (ﷺ) ) was going to appear, but I never thought that he would be from amongst you. If I were certain that I can reach him, I would like to meet him and if I were with him, I would wash his feet; and his kingdom will expand (surely to what is under my feet).' Then Heraclius asked for the letter of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and read it wherein was written: "In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. This letter is from Muhammad, Apostle of Allah, to Heraclius, the sovereign of Byzantine........ Peace be upon him who follows the Right Path. Now then, I call you to embrace Islam. Embrace Islam and you will be saved (from Allah's Punishment); embrace Islam, and Allah will give you a double reward, but if you reject this, you will be responsible for the sins of the tillers (i.e. the people of your kingdom) and (Allah's Statement):--"O the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians)! Come to a word common to you and us that we worship None but Allah....bear witness that we are Muslims.' (3.64) When he finished reading the letter, voices grew louder near him and there was a great hue and cry, and we were ordered to go out." Abu Sufyan added, "While coming out, I said to my companions, 'The situation of Ibn Abu Kabsha (i.e. Muhammad) has become strong; even the king of Banu Al-Asfar is afraid of him.' So I continued to believe that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) would be victorious, till Allah made me embrace Islam." Az-Zuhri said, "Heraclius then invited all the chiefs of the Byzantines and had them assembled in his house and said, 'O group of Byzantines! Do you wish to have a permanent success and guidance and that your kingdom should remain with you?' (Immediately after hearing that), they rushed towards the gate like onagers, but they found them closed. Heraclius then said, 'Bring them back to me.' So he called them and said, 'I just wanted to test the strength of your adherence to your religion. Now I have observed of you that which I like.' Then the people fell in prostration before him and became pleased with him." (See Hadith No. 6,Vol)