#93

It is narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Ya'mur that the first man who discussed qadr (Divine Decree) in Basra was Ma'bad al-Juhani. I along with Humaid b. 'Abdur-Rahman Himyari set out for pilgrimage or for 'Umrah and said:Should it so happen that we come into contact with one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) we shall ask him about what is talked about taqdir (Divine Decree). Accidentally we came across Abdullah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab, while he was entering the mosque. My companion and I surrounded him. One of us (stood) on his right and the other stood on his left. I expected that my companion would authorize me to speak. I therefore said: Abu Abdur Rahman! There have appeared some people in our land who recite the Qur'an and pursue knowledge. And then after talking about their affairs, added: They (such people) claim that there is no such thing as Divine Decree and events are not predestined. He (Abdullah ibn Umar) said: When you happen to meet such people tell them that I have nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with me. And verily they are in no way responsible for my (belief). Abdullah ibn Umar swore by Him (the Lord) (and said): If any one of them (who does not believe in the Divine Decree) had with him gold equal to the bulk of (the mountain) Uhud and spent it (in the way of Allah), Allah would not accept it unless he affirmed his faith in Divine Decree. He further said: My father, Umar ibn al-Khattab, told me: One day we were sitting in the company of Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) when there appeared before us a man dressed in pure white clothes, his hair extraordinarily black. There were no signs of travel on him. None amongst us recognized him. At last he sat with the Apostle (peace be upon him) He knelt before him placed his palms on his thighs and said: Muhammad, inform me about al-Islam. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Al-Islam implies that you testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and you establish prayer, pay Zakat, observe the fast of Ramadan, and perform pilgrimage to the (House) if you are solvent enough (to bear the expense of) the journey. He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He (Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: It amazed us that he would put the question and then he would himself verify the truth. He (the inquirer) said: Inform me about Iman (faith). He (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, in His angels, in His Books, in His Apostles, in the Day of Judgment, and you affirm your faith in the Divine Decree about good and evil. He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He (the inquirer) again said: Inform me about al-Ihsan (performance of good deeds). He (the Holy Prophet) said: That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, for though you don't see Him, He, verily, sees you. He (the enquirer) again said: Inform me about the hour (of the Doom). He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: One who is asked knows no more than the one who is inquiring (about it). He (the inquirer) said: Tell me some of its indications. He (the Holy Prophet) said: That the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress and master, that you will find barefooted, destitute goat-herds vying with one another in the construction of magnificent buildings. He (the narrator, Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: Then he (the inquirer) went on his way but I stayed with him (the Holy Prophet) for a long while. He then, said to me: Umar, do you know who this inquirer was? I replied: Allah and His Apostle knows best. He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He was Gabriel (the angel). He came to you in order to instruct you in matters of religion

حدثني ابو خيثمة، زهير بن حرب حدثنا وكيع، عن كهمس، عن عبد الله بن بريدة، عن يحيى بن يعمر، ح وحدثنا عبيد الله بن معاذ العنبري، - وهذا حديثه - حدثنا ابي، حدثنا كهمس، عن ابن بريدة، عن يحيى بن يعمر، قال كان اول من قال في القدر بالبصرة معبد الجهني فانطلقت انا وحميد بن عبد الرحمن الحميري حاجين او معتمرين فقلنا لو لقينا احدا من اصحاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فسالناه عما يقول هولاء في القدر فوفق لنا عبد الله بن عمر بن الخطاب داخلا المسجد فاكتنفته انا وصاحبي احدنا عن يمينه والاخر عن شماله فظننت ان صاحبي سيكل الكلام الى فقلت ابا عبد الرحمن انه قد ظهر قبلنا ناس يقرءون القران ويتقفرون العلم - وذكر من شانهم - وانهم يزعمون ان لا قدر وان الامر انف . قال فاذا لقيت اوليك فاخبرهم اني بريء منهم وانهم براء مني والذي يحلف به عبد الله بن عمر لو ان لاحدهم مثل احد ذهبا فانفقه ما قبل الله منه حتى يومن بالقدر ثم قال حدثني ابي عمر بن الخطاب قال بينما نحن عند رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ذات يوم اذ طلع علينا رجل شديد بياض الثياب شديد سواد الشعر لا يرى عليه اثر السفر ولا يعرفه منا احد حتى جلس الى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فاسند ركبتيه الى ركبتيه ووضع كفيه على فخذيه وقال يا محمد اخبرني عن الاسلام . فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " الاسلام ان تشهد ان لا اله الا الله وان محمدا رسول الله وتقيم الصلاة وتوتي الزكاة وتصوم رمضان وتحج البيت ان استطعت اليه سبيلا . قال صدقت . قال فعجبنا له يساله ويصدقه . قال فاخبرني عن الايمان . قال " ان تومن بالله وملايكته وكتبه ورسله واليوم الاخر وتومن بالقدر خيره وشره " . قال صدقت . قال فاخبرني عن الاحسان . قال " ان تعبد الله كانك تراه فان لم تكن تراه فانه يراك " . قال فاخبرني عن الساعة . قال " ما المسيول عنها باعلم من السايل " . قال فاخبرني عن امارتها . قال " ان تلد الامة ربتها وان ترى الحفاة العراة العالة رعاء الشاء يتطاولون في البنيان " . قال ثم انطلق فلبثت مليا ثم قال لي " يا عمر اتدري من السايل " . قلت الله ورسوله اعلم . قال " فانه جبريل اتاكم يعلمكم دينكم