#3094

Narrated Malik bin Aus:While I was at home, the sun rose high and it got hot. Suddenly the messenger of `Umar bin Al-Khattab came to me and said, "The chief of the believers has sent for you." So, I went along with him till I entered the place where `Umar was sitting on a bedstead made of date-palm leaves and covered with no mattress, and he was leaning over a leather pillow. I greeted him and sat down. He said, "O Mali! Some persons of your people who have families came to me and I have ordered that a gift should be given to them, so take it and distribute it among them." I said, "O chief of the believers! I wish that you order someone else to do it." He said, "O man! Take it." While I was sitting there with him, his doorman Yarfa' came saying, "`Uthman, `Abdur-Rahman bin `Auf, Az-Zubair and Sa`d bin Abi Waqqas are asking your permission (to see you); may I admit them?" `Umar said, "Yes", So they were admitted and they came in, greeted him, and sat down. After a while Yarfa' came again and said, "May I admit `Ali and `Abbas?" `Umar said, "yes." So, they were admitted and they came in and greeted (him) and sat down. Then `Abbas said, "O chief of the believers! Judge between me and this (i.e. `Ali)." They had a dispute regarding the property of Bani An-Nadir which Allah had given to His Apostle as Fai. The group (i.e. `Uthman and his companions) said, "O chief of the believers! Judge between them and relieve both of them from each other." `Umar said, "Be patient! I beseech you by Allah by Whose Permission the Heaven and the Earth exist, do you know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Our (i.e. prophets') property will not be inherited, and whatever we leave, is Sadaqa (to be used for charity),' and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) meant himself (by saying "we'')?" The group said, "He said so." `Umar then turned to `Ali and `Abbas and said, "I beseech you by Allah, do you know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said so?" They replied, " He said so." `Umar then said, "So, I will talk to you about this matter. Allah bestowed on His Apostle with a special favor of something of this Fai (booty) which he gave to nobody else." `Umar then recited the Holy Verses: "What Allah bestowed as (Fai) Booty on his Apostle (Muhammad) from them --- for this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry: But Allah gives power to His Apostles over whomever He will 'And Allah is able to do all things." 9:6) `Umar added "So this property was especially given to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), but, by Allah, neither did he take possession of it and leave you, nor did he favor himself with it to your exclusion, but he gave it to all of you and distributed it amongst you till this property remained out of it. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to spend the yearly expenses of his family out of this property and used to keep the rest of its revenue to be spent on Allah's Cause. Allah's Apostle kept on doing this during all his lifetime. I ask you by Allah do you know this?" They replied in the affirmative. `Umar then said to `Ali and `Abbas. "I ask you by Allah, do you know this?" `Umar added, "When Allah had taken His Prophet unto Him, 'Abu Bakr said, 'I am the successor of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) so, Abu Bakr took over that property and managed it in the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to do, and Allah knows that he was true, pious and rightly-guided, and he was a follower of what was right. Then Allah took Abu Bakr unto Him and I became Abu Bakr's successor, and I kept that property in my possession for the first two years of my Caliphate, managing it in the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to do and as Abu Bakr used to do, and Allah knows that I have been true, pious, rightly guided, and a follower of what is right. Now you both (i.e. 'Ali and `Abbas) came to talk to me, bearing the same claim and presenting the same case; you, `Abbas, came to me asking for your share from your nephew's property, and this man, i.e. `Ali, came to me asking for his wife's share from her father's property. I told you both that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Our (prophets') properties are not to be inherited, but what we leave is Sadaqa (to be used for charity).' When I thought it right that I should hand over this property to you, I said to you, 'I am ready to hand over this property to you if you wish, on the condition that you would take Allah's Pledge and Covenant that you would manage it in the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to, and as Abu Bakr used to do, and as I have done since I was in charge of it.' So, both of you said (to me), 'Hand it over to us,' and on that condition I handed it over to you. So, I ask you by Allah, did I hand it over to them on this condition?" The group said, "Yes." Then `Umar faced `Ali and `Abbas saying, "I ask you by Allah, did I hand it over to you on this condition?" They said, "Yes. " He said, " Do you want now to give a different decision? By Allah, by Whose Leave both the Heaven and the Earth exist, I will never give any decision other than that (I have already given). And if you are unable to manage it, then return it to me, and I will do the job on your behalf

حدثنا اسحاق بن محمد الفروي، حدثنا مالك بن انس، عن ابن شهاب، عن مالك بن اوس بن الحدثان،، وكان، محمد بن جبير ذكر لي ذكرا من حديثه ذلك، فانطلقت حتى ادخل على مالك بن اوس، فسالته عن ذلك الحديث فقال مالك بينا انا جالس في اهلي حين متع النهار، اذا رسول عمر بن الخطاب ياتيني فقال اجب امير المومنين. فانطلقت معه حتى ادخل على عمر، فاذا هو جالس على رمال سرير، ليس بينه وبينه فراش متكي على وسادة من ادم، فسلمت عليه ثم جلست فقال يا مال، انه قدم علينا من قومك اهل ابيات، وقد امرت فيهم برضخ فاقبضه فاقسمه بينهم. فقلت يا امير المومنين، لو امرت به غيري. قال اقبضه ايها المرء. فبينا انا جالس عنده اتاه حاجبه يرفا فقال هل لك في عثمان وعبد الرحمن بن عوف والزبير وسعد بن ابي وقاص يستاذنون قال نعم. فاذن لهم فدخلوا فسلموا وجلسوا، ثم جلس يرفا يسيرا ثم قال هل لك في علي وعباس قال نعم. فاذن لهما، فدخلا فسلما فجلسا، فقال عباس يا امير المومنين، اقض بيني وبين هذا. وهما يختصمان فيما افاء الله على رسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم من بني النضير. فقال الرهط عثمان واصحابه يا امير المومنين، اقض بينهما وارح احدهما من الاخر. قال عمر تيدكم، انشدكم بالله الذي باذنه تقوم السماء والارض، هل تعلمون ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال " لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة ". يريد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نفسه. قال الرهط قد قال ذلك. فاقبل عمر على علي وعباس فقال انشدكما الله، اتعلمان ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قد قال ذلك قالا قد قال ذلك. قال عمر فاني احدثكم عن هذا الامر، ان الله قد خص رسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم في هذا الفىء بشىء لم يعطه احدا غيره ثم قرا {وما افاء الله على رسوله منهم} الى قوله {قدير} فكانت هذه خالصة لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم. والله ما احتازها دونكم، ولا استاثر بها عليكم قد اعطاكموه، وبثها فيكم حتى بقي منها هذا المال، فكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ينفق على اهله نفقة سنتهم من هذا المال، ثم ياخذ ما بقي فيجعله مجعل مال الله، فعمل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بذلك حياته، انشدكم بالله هل تعلمون ذلك قالوا نعم. ثم قال لعلي وعباس انشدكما بالله هل تعلمان ذلك قال عمر ثم توفى الله نبيه صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال ابو بكر انا ولي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم. فقبضها ابو بكر، فعمل فيها بما عمل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، والله يعلم انه فيها لصادق بار راشد تابع للحق، ثم توفى الله ابا بكر، فكنت انا ولي ابي بكر، فقبضتها سنتين من امارتي، اعمل فيها بما عمل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وما عمل فيها ابو بكر، والله يعلم اني فيها لصادق بار راشد تابع للحق، ثم جيتماني تكلماني وكلمتكما واحدة، وامركما واحد، جيتني يا عباس تسالني نصيبك من ابن اخيك، وجاءني هذا يريد عليا يريد نصيب امراته من ابيها، فقلت لكما ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال " لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة ". فلما بدا لي ان ادفعه اليكما قلت ان شيتما دفعتها اليكما على ان عليكما عهد الله وميثاقه لتعملان فيها بما عمل فيها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وبما عمل فيها ابو بكر، وبما عملت فيها منذ وليتها، فقلتما ادفعها الينا. فبذلك دفعتها اليكما، فانشدكم بالله، هل دفعتها اليهما بذلك قال الرهط نعم. ثم اقبل على علي وعباس فقال انشدكما بالله هل دفعتها اليكما بذلك قالا نعم. قال فتلتمسان مني قضاء غير ذلك فوالله الذي باذنه تقوم السماء والارض، لا اقضي فيها قضاء غير ذلك، فان عجزتما عنها فادفعاها الى، فاني اكفيكماها