Sunan Abu Dawud — Jihad

Abu Hurarirah reported the Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) as saying “A Muslim ruler is shield by which a battle is fought.”

حدثنا محمد بن الصباح البزاز، قال حدثنا عبد الرحمن بن ابي الزناد، عن ابي الزناد، عن الاعرج، عن ابي هريرة، قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " انما الامام جنة يقاتل به

Narrated AbuRafi': The Quraysh sent me to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and when I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), Islam was cast into my heart, so I said: Messenger of Allah, I swear by Allah, I shall never return to them. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) replied: I do not break a covenant or imprison messengers, but return, and if you feel the same as you do just now, come back. So I went away, and then came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and accepted Islam. The narrator Bukair said: He informed me that Abu Rafi' was a Copt. Abu Dawud said: This was valid in those days, but today it is not valid

حدثنا احمد بن صالح، حدثنا عبد الله بن وهب، اخبرني عمرو، عن بكير بن الاشج، عن الحسن بن علي بن ابي رافع، ان ابا رافع، اخبره قال بعثتني قريش الى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فلما رايت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم القي في قلبي الاسلام فقلت يا رسول الله اني والله لا ارجع اليهم ابدا فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " اني لا اخيس بالعهد ولا احبس البرد ولكن ارجع فان كان في نفسك الذي في نفسك الان فارجع " . قال فذهبت ثم اتيت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فاسلمت . قال بكير واخبرني ان ابا رافع كان قبطيا . قال ابو داود هذا كان في ذلك الزمان فاما اليوم فلا يصلح

Narrated Amr ibn Abasah: Sulaym ibn Amir, a man of Himyar, said: There was a covenant between Mu'awiyah and the Byzantines, and he was going towards their country, and when the covenant came to an end, he attacked them. A man came on a horse, or a packhorse saying, Allah is Most Great, Allah is Most Great; let there be faithfulness and not treachery. And when they looked they found that he was Amr ibn Abasah. Mu'awiyah sent for him and questioned him (about that). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: When one has covenant with people he must not strengthen or loosen it till its term comes to an end or he brings it to an end in agreement with them (to make both the parties equal). So Mu'awiyah returned

حدثنا حفص بن عمر النمري، قال حدثنا شعبة، عن ابي الفيض، عن سليم بن عامر، - رجل من حمير - قال كان بين معاوية وبين الروم عهد وكان يسير نحو بلادهم حتى اذا انقضى العهد غزاهم فجاء رجل على فرس او برذون وهو يقول الله اكبر الله اكبر وفاء لا غدر فنظروا فاذا عمرو بن عبسة فارسل اليه معاوية فساله فقال سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول " من كان بينه وبين قوم عهد فلا يشد عقدة ولا يحلها حتى ينقضي امدها او ينبذ اليهم على سواء " . فرجع معاوية

Narrated AbuBakrah: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: If anyone kills a man whom he grants protection prematurely, Allah will forbid him to enter Paradise

حدثنا عثمان بن ابي شيبة، حدثنا وكيع، عن عيينة بن عبد الرحمن، عن ابيه، عن ابي بكرة، قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " من قتل معاهدا في غير كنهه حرم الله عليه الجنة

Narrated Nu'aym ibn Mas'ud: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say when they (messengers sent by Musaylimah) read the letter of Musaylimah: What do you believe yourselves? They said: We believe as he believes. He said: I swear by Allah that were it not that messengers are not killed, I would cut off your heads

حدثنا محمد بن عمرو الرازي، حدثنا سلمة، - يعني ابن الفضل - عن محمد بن اسحاق، قال كان مسيلمة كتب الى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم . قال وقد حدثني محمد بن اسحاق عن شيخ من اشجع يقال له سعد بن طارق عن سلمة بن نعيم بن مسعود الاشجعي عن ابيه نعيم قال سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول لهما حين قرا كتاب مسيلمة " ما تقولان انتما " قالا نقول كما قال . قال " اما والله لولا ان الرسل لا تقتل لضربت اعناقكما

Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: Harithah ibn Mudarrib said that he came to Abdullah ibn Mas'ud and said (to him): There is no enmity between me and any of the Arabs. I passed a mosque of Banu Hanifah. They (the people) believed in Musaylimah. Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud) sent for them. They were brought, and he asked them to repent, except Ibn an-Nawwahah. He said to him: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: Were it not that you were not a messenger, I would behead you. But today you are not a messenger. He then ordered Qarazah ibn Ka'b (to kill him). He beheaded him in the market. Anyone who wants to see Ibn an-Nawwahah slain in the market (he may see him)

حدثنا محمد بن كثير، اخبرنا سفيان، عن ابي اسحاق، عن حارثة بن مضرب، انه اتى عبد الله فقال ما بيني وبين احد من العرب حنة واني مررت بمسجد لبني حنيفة فاذا هم يومنون بمسيلمة . فارسل اليهم عبد الله فجيء بهم فاستتابهم غير ابن النواحة قال له سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول " لولا انك رسول لضربت عنقك " . فانت اليوم لست برسول فامر قرظة بن كعب فضرب عنقه في السوق ثم قال من اراد ان ينظر الى ابن النواحة قتيلا بالسوق

Ibn ‘Abbas said “Umm Hani daughter of Abu Talib told me that in the year of the conquest she gave protection to a man from the polytheists. She came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and mentioned it to him. He said “We have given security to those to whom you have given it.”

حدثنا احمد بن صالح، حدثنا ابن وهب، قال اخبرني عياض بن عبد الله، عن مخرمة بن سليمان، عن كريب، عن ابن عباس، قال حدثتني ام هاني بنت ابي طالب، انها اجارت رجلا من المشركين يوم الفتح فاتت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فذكرت له ذلك فقال " قد اجرنا من اجرت وامنا من امنت

Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin: A woman would give security from the believers and it would be allowed

حدثنا عثمان بن ابي شيبة، حدثنا سفيان بن عيينة، عن منصور، عن ابراهيم، عن الاسود، عن عايشة، قالت ان كانت المراة لتجير على المومنين فيجوز

Al Miswar bin Makhramah said :The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came out in the year of al-Hudaibbiyyah with over ten hundreds of Companions and when he came to Dhu al Hulaifah. He garlanded and marked the sacrificial animals, and entered the sacred state of Umrah. He then went on with the tradition. The Prophet moved on and when he came to the mountain, pass by which one descends (to Mecca) to them, his riding-beast knelt down, and the people said twice: Go on, go on, al-Qaswa has become jaded. The Prophet (May peace be upon him) said: She has not become jaded and that is not a characteristic of hers, but He Who restrained the elephant has restrained her. He then said: By Him in Whose hand my soul is, they will not ask any me good thing by which they honor which God has made sacred without my giving them it. He then urged her and she leaped up and he turned aside from them, and stopped at the farthest side of al-Hudaibiyyah at a pool with little water. Meanwhile Budail bin Warqa al-Khuza’I came, and ‘Urwah bin Mas’ud joined him. He began to speak to the Prophet (ﷺ). Whenever he spoke to the Prophet (ﷺ), he caught his beard. Al Mughriah bin Shu’bah was standing beside the Prophet (ﷺ).He had a sword with him, wearing a helmet. He (Al Mughriah) struck his (‘Urwah’s) hand with the lower end of his sheath, and said: Keep away your hand from his beard. ‘Urwah then raised his hand and asked: Who is this? They replied: Al-Mughirah bin Shu’bah. He said: O treacherous one! Did I not use my offices in your treachery? In pre-Islamic days Al-Mughirah bin Shu’bah accompanied some people and murdered them, and took their property. He then came (to the Prophet) and embraced Islam. The Prophet (ﷺ) said: As for Islam we accepted it, but as to the property, as it has been taken by treachery, we have no need of it. He went on with the tradition the Prophet (ﷺ) said: Write down: This is what Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, has decided. He then narrated the tradition. Suhail then said: And that a man will not come to you from us, even if he follows your religion, without you sending him back to us. When he finished drawing up the document, the Prophet (ﷺ) said to his Companions: Get up and sacrifice and then shave. Thereafter some believing women who were immigrants came. (Allah sent down: O yea who believe, when believing women come to you as emigrants). Allah most high forbade them to send them back, but ordered them to restore the dower. He then returned to Medina. Abu Basir a man from the Quraish (who was a Muslim), came to him. And they sent (two men) to look for him; so he handed him over to the two men. They took him away, and when they reached Dhu Al Hulaifah and alighted to eat some dates which they had, Abu Basir said to one of the men : I swear by Allah so-and-so, that I think this sword of yours is a fine one; the other drew the sword and said : Yes I have tried it. Abu Basir said: Let me look at it. He let him have it and he struck him till he died, whereupon the other fled and came to Medina, and running entered the mosque. The Prophet ( may peace be upon him) said: This man has seen something frightful. He said: I swear by Allah that my Companion has been killed, and im as good as dead. Abu Basir then arrived and said: Allah has fulfilled your covenant. You returned me to them, but Allah saved me from them. The Prophet (ﷺ) said: Woe to his mother, stirrer up of war! Would that he had someone (i.e. some kinsfolk). When he heard that he knew that he would send him back to them, so he went out and came to the seashore. Abu Jandal escaped and joined Abu Basir till a band of them collected

Al Miswar bin Makhramah and Marwan bin Al Hakam said “They agreed to abandon war for ten years during which the people which have security on the basis that there should be sincerity between them and that there should be not theft or treachery

حدثنا محمد بن العلاء، حدثنا ابن ادريس، قال سمعت ابن اسحاق، عن الزهري، عن عروة بن الزبير، عن المسور بن مخرمة، ومروان بن الحكم، انهم اصطلحوا على وضع الحرب عشر سنين يامن فيهن الناس وعلى ان بيننا عيبة مكفوفة وانه لا اسلال ولا اغلال

Narrated Dhu Mikhbar: Hassan ibn Atiyyah said: Makhul and Ibn Zakariyya went to Khalid ibn Ma'dan, and I also went along with them. He reported a tradition on the authority of Jubayr ibn Nufayr. He said: Go with us to Dhu Mikhbar, a man from the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ). We came to him and Jubayr asked him about peace. He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: You will make a secure peace with the Byzantines, then you and they will fight an enemy behind you

حدثنا عبد الله بن محمد النفيلي، حدثنا عيسى بن يونس، حدثنا الاوزاعي، عن حسان بن عطية، قال مال مكحول وابن ابي زكرياء الى خالد بن معدان وملت معهما فحدثنا عن جبير بن نفير، قال قال جبير انطلق بنا الى ذي مخبر - رجل من اصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم - فاتيناه فساله جبير عن الهدنة فقال سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول " ستصالحون الروم صلحا امنا وتغزون انتم وهم عدوا من ورايكم

Jabir reported:The Messenger of Allah ( may peace be upon him) said : Who will pursue Ka’b bin Al-Ashraf, for he has caused trouble to Allah and His Apostle? Muhammad bin Maslamah stood up and said: I (shall do), Messenger of Allah. Do you want that I should kill him? He said: Yes. He said: So permit me to say something (against you). He said: Yes say. He then came to him (Ka’b b. al-Ashraf) and said to him: This man has asked us for sadaqah (alms) and has put us into trouble. He (Ka’b) said: You will be more grieved. He (Muhammad bin Maslamah) said: We have followed him and we do not like to forsake him until we see what will be the consequences of his matter. We wished if you could lend us one or two wasqs. Ka’b said: What will you mortgage with me? He asked: what do you want from us? He replied : your Women. They said: Glory be to Allah: You are the most beautiful of the Arabs. If we mortgage our women with you, that will be a disgrace for us. He said “The mortgage your children.” They said “Glory be to Allaah, a son of us may abuse saying “You were mortgaged for one or two wasqs.” They said “We shall mortgage or coat of mail with you. By this he meant arms”. He said “Yes, when he came to him, he called him and he came out while he used perfume and his head was spreading fragrance. When he at with him and he came there accompanied by three or four persons who mentioned his perfume. He said “I have such and such woman with me. She is most fragrant of the women among the people. He (Muhammad bin Maslamah) asked “Do you permit me so that I may smell? He said “Yes. He then entered his hand through his hair and smell it.” He said “May I repeat?” He said “Yes. He again entered his hand through his hair. When he got his complete control, he said “Take him. So he struck him until they killed him.”

حدثنا احمد بن صالح، حدثنا سفيان، عن عمرو بن دينار، عن جابر، قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " من لكعب بن الاشرف فانه قد اذى الله ورسوله " . فقام محمد بن مسلمة فقال انا يا رسول الله اتحب ان اقتله قال " نعم " . قال فاذن لي ان اقول شييا . قال " نعم قل " . فاتاه فقال ان هذا الرجل قد سالنا الصدقة وقد عنانا قال وايضا لتملنه . قال اتبعناه فنحن نكره ان ندعه حتى ننظر الى اى شىء يصير امره وقد اردنا ان تسلفنا وسقا او وسقين . قال كعب اى شىء ترهنوني قال وما تريد منا قال نساءكم قالوا سبحان الله انت اجمل العرب نرهنك نساءنا فيكون ذلك عارا علينا . قال فترهنوني اولادكم . قالوا سبحان الله يسب ابن احدنا فيقال رهنت بوسق او وسقين . قالوا نرهنك اللامة يريد السلاح قال نعم . فلما اتاه ناداه فخرج اليه وهو متطيب ينضخ راسه فلما ان جلس اليه وقد كان جاء معه بنفر ثلاثة او اربعة فذكروا له قال عندي فلانة وهي اعطر نساء الناس . قال تاذن لي فاشم قال نعم . فادخل يده في راسه فشمه قال اعود قال نعم فادخل يده في راسه فلما استمكن منه قال دونكم . فضربوه حتى قتلوه

Narrated AbuHurayrah: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: Faith prevented assassination. A believer should not assassinate

حدثنا محمد بن حزابة، حدثنا اسحاق، - يعني ابن منصور - حدثنا اسباط الهمداني، عن السدي، عن ابيه، عن ابي هريرة، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال " الايمان قيد الفتك لا يفتك مومن

‘Abd Allah bin ‘Umar said “When the Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) returned from an expedition, Hajj or ‘Umrah on every rising piece of ground he would say three times “Allaah is Most Great” and he would say “There is no god bt Allaah alone who has no partner, to Whom the dominion belongs, to Whom praise is due, and Who is Omnipotent, serving, prostrating ourselves before our Lord and expressing praise. Allaah alone has kept his word, helped His servant and routed the confederate

حدثني القعنبي، عن مالك، عن نافع، عن عبد الله بن عمر، ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان اذا قفل من غزو او حج او عمرة يكبر على كل شرف من الارض ثلاث تكبيرات ويقول " لا اله الا الله وحده لا شريك له له الملك وله الحمد وهو على كل شىء قدير ايبون تايبون عابدون ساجدون لربنا حامدون صدق الله وعده ونصر عبده وهزم الاحزاب وحده

Ibn ‘Abbas said “The verse “Those who believe in Allaah and the Last Day ask thee for no exemption from fighting with their goods and persons” was abrogated by the verse “Only those are believers who believe in Allaah and His Apostle....For Allaah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن ثابت المروزي، حدثني علي بن حسين، عن ابيه، عن يزيد النحوي، عن عكرمة، عن ابن عباس، قال { لا يستاذنك الذين يومنون بالله واليوم الاخر } الاية نسختها التي في النور { انما المومنون الذين امنوا بالله ورسوله } الى قوله { غفور رحيم}

Jarir (bin ‘Abd Allaah) said “The Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) said to me “Why do you not give me rest from Dhu Al Khulasah? He went there and burned it. He then sent a man from Ahmas to the Prophet (ﷺ) to give him good tidings. His surname was Artah

حدثنا ابو توبة الربيع بن نافع، حدثنا عيسى، عن اسماعيل، عن قيس، عن جرير، قال قال لي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " الا تريحني من ذي الخلصة " . فاتاها فحرقها ثم بعث رجلا من احمس الى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يبشره يكنى ابا ارطاة

Ka’ab bin Malik said “When the Prophet(ﷺ) arrived from a journey, he first went to a mosque where he prayed two rak’ahs after which he sat in it and gave audience to the people. The narrator Ibn Al Sarh then narrated the rest of the tradition. He said “The Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) forbade the Muslims to speak to any three of us. When considerable time had passed on me, I ascended the wall of Abu Qatadah who was my cousin. I saluted him, but, I swear by Allaah he did not return my salutation. I then offered the dawn prayer on the fiftieth day on the roof of one of our houses. I then hear d a crier say “Ka’ab bin Mailk, have good news”. When the man whose voice I heard came to me giving me good news, I took off my garments and clothed him. I went on till I entered the mosque. The Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) was sitting there. Talhah bin ‘Ubaid Allaah stood up and hastened to me till he shook hands with me and greeted me

حدثنا ابن السرح، اخبرنا ابن وهب، اخبرني يونس، عن ابن شهاب، قال اخبرني عبد الرحمن بن عبد الله بن كعب بن مالك، ان عبد الله بن كعب، قال سمعت كعب بن مالك، قال كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم اذا قدم من سفر بدا بالمسجد فركع فيه ركعتين ثم جلس للناس . وقص ابن السرح الحديث قال ونهى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم المسلمين عن كلامنا ايها الثلاثة حتى اذا طال على تسورت جدار حايط ابي قتادة وهو ابن عمي فسلمت عليه فوالله ما رد على السلام ثم صليت الصبح صباح خمسين ليلة على ظهر بيت من بيوتنا فسمعت صارخا يا كعب بن مالك ابشر . فلما جاءني الذي سمعت صوته يبشرني نزعت له ثوبى فكسوتهما اياه فانطلقت حتى اذا دخلت المسجد فاذا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم جالس فقام الى طلحة بن عبيد الله يهرول حتى صافحني وهناني

Narrated AbuBakrah: When anything came to the Prophet (ﷺ) which caused pleasure (or, by which he was made glad), he prostrated himself in gratitude to Allah

حدثنا مخلد بن خالد، حدثنا ابو عاصم، عن ابي بكرة، بكار بن عبد العزيز اخبرني ابي عبد العزيز، عن ابي بكرة، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم انه كان اذا جاءه امر سرور او بشر به خر ساجدا شاكرا لله

Narrated Sa'd ibn AbuWaqqas: We went out with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) from Mecca making for Medina. When we were near Azwara', he alighted, then raised his hands, and made supplication to Allah for a time, after which he prostrated himself, remaining a long time in prostration. Then he stood up and raised his hands for a time, after which he prostrated himself, remaining a long time in prostration. He then stood up and raised his hands for a time, after which he prostrated himself. Ahmad mentioned it three times. He then said: I begged my Lord and made intercession for my people, and He gave me a third of my people, so I prostrated myself in gratitude to my Lord. Then I raised my head and begged my Lord for my people, and He gave me a third of my people, so I prostrated myself in gratitude to my Lord. Then I raised my head and begged my Lord for my people and He gave me the remaining third, so I prostrated myself in gratitude to my Lord. Abu Dawud said: When Ahmad b. Salih narrated this tradition to us, he omitted the name of Ash'ath b. Ishaq, but Musa b. Sahl al-Ramli narrated it to us through him

حدثنا احمد بن صالح، حدثنا ابن ابي فديك، حدثني موسى بن يعقوب، عن ابن عثمانقال ابو داود وهو يحيى بن الحسن بن عثمان عن الاشعث بن اسحاق بن سعد، عن عامر بن سعد، عن ابيه، قال خرجنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من مكة نريد المدينة فلما كنا قريبا من عزورا نزل ثم رفع يديه فدعا الله ساعة ثم خر ساجدا فمكث طويلا ثم قام فرفع يديه فدعا الله ساعة ثم خر ساجدا فمكث طويلا ثم قام فرفع يديه ساعة ثم خر ساجدا ذكره احمد ثلاثا قال " اني سالت ربي وشفعت لامتي فاعطاني ثلث امتي فخررت ساجدا شكرا لربي ثم رفعت راسي فسالت ربي لامتي فاعطاني ثلث امتي فخررت ساجدا لربي شكرا ثم رفعت راسي فسالت ربي لامتي فاعطاني الثلث الاخر فخررت ساجدا لربي " . قال ابو داود اشعث بن اسحاق اسقطه احمد بن صالح حين حدثنا به فحدثني به عنه موسى بن سهل الرملي

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) disapproved that a man should come to his family during the night (after returning from a journey)

حدثنا حفص بن عمر، ومسلم بن ابراهيم، قالا حدثنا شعبة، عن محارب بن دثار، عن جابر بن عبد الله، قال كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يكره ان ياتي الرجل اهله طروقا