Sahih Muslim — Government

It has been narrated on the authority of 'Abdullah b. 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:Behold! the Dispensers of justice will be seated on the pulpits of light beside God, on the right side of the Merciful, Exalted and GlorioUS. Either side of the Being is the right side both being equally mrneritorious. (The Dispensers of justice are) those who do justice in their rules, in matters relating to their families and in all that they undertake to do

حدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، وزهير بن حرب، وابن، نمير قالوا حدثنا سفيان، بن عيينة عن عمرو، - يعني ابن دينار - عن عمرو بن اوس، عن عبد الله بن عمرو، قال ابن نمير وابو بكر يبلغ به النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وفي حديث زهير قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " ان المقسطين عند الله على منابر من نور عن يمين الرحمن عز وجل وكلتا يديه يمين الذين يعدلون في حكمهم واهليهم وما ولوا

It has been reported on the authority of Abd al-Rahman b. Shumasa who said:I came to A'isha to inquire something from her. She said: From which people art thou? I said: I am from the people of Egypt. She said: What was the behaviour of your governor towards you in this war of yours? I said: We did not experience anything bad from him. If the camel of a man from us died, he would bestow on him a camel. If any one of us lost his slave, he would give him a slave. If anybody was in need of the basic necessities of life, he would provide them with provisions. She said: Behold! the treatment that was meted out to my brother, Muhammad b. Abu Bakr, does not prevent me from telling you what I heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He said in this house of mine: O God, who (happens to) acquire some kind of control over the affairs of my people and is hard upon them-be Thou hard upon him, and who (happens to) acquire some kind of control over the affairs of my people and is kind to them-be Thou kind to him

حدثني هارون بن سعيد الايلي، حدثنا ابن وهب، حدثني حرملة، عن عبد الرحمن، بن شماسة قال اتيت عايشة اسالها عن شىء، فقالت ممن انت فقلت رجل من اهل مصر . فقالت كيف كان صاحبكم لكم في غزاتكم هذه فقال ما نقمنا منه شييا ان كان ليموت للرجل منا البعير فيعطيه البعير والعبد فيعطيه العبد ويحتاج الى النفقة فيعطيه النفقة فقالت اما انه لا يمنعني الذي فعل في محمد بن ابي بكر اخي ان اخبرك ما سمعت من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول في بيتي هذا " اللهم من ولي من امر امتي شييا فشق عليهم فاشقق عليه ومن ولي من امر امتي شييا فرفق بهم فارفق به

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abd al-Rahman b. Shumasa with another chain of transmitters

وحدثني محمد بن حاتم، حدثنا ابن مهدي، حدثنا جرير بن حازم، عن حرملة، المصري عن عبد الرحمن بن شماسة، عن عايشة، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بمثله

It has been narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet (May be upon him) said:Beware. every one of you is a shepherd and every one is answerable with regard to his flock. The Caliph is a shepherd over the people and shall be questioned about his subjects (as to how he conducted their affairs). A man is a guardian over the members of his family and shal be questioned about them (as to how he looked after their physical and moral well-being). A woman is a guardian over the household of her husband and his children and shall be questioned about them (as to how she managed the household and brought up the children). A slave is a guardian over the property of his master and shall be questioned about it (as to how he safeguarded his trust). Beware, every one of you is a guardian and every one of you shall be questioned with regard to his trust

حدثنا قتيبة بن سعيد، حدثنا ليث، ح وحدثنا محمد بن رمح، حدثنا الليث، عن نافع، عن ابن عمر، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم انه قال " الا كلكم راع وكلكم مسيول عن رعيته فالامير الذي على الناس راع وهو مسيول عن رعيته والرجل راع على اهل بيته وهو مسيول عنهم والمراة راعية على بيت بعلها وولده وهي مسيولة عنهم والعبد راع على مال سيده وهو مسيول عنه الا فكلكم راع وكلكم مسيول عن رعيته

This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Ibn 'Umar, but there is (a slight change of wording) in the hadith transmitted through Zuhri that he said:" I think that he (the narrator) said: The man is a custodian of the wealth of his father, and he would be answerable for what is in his custody

وحدثنا يحيى بن يحيى، ويحيى بن ايوب، وقتيبة بن سعيد، وابن، حجر كلهم عن اسماعيل بن جعفر، عن عبد الله بن دينار، عن ابن عمر، قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ح. وحدثني حرملة بن يحيى، اخبرنا ابن وهب، اخبرني يونس، عن ابن شهاب، عن سالم بن عبد الله، عن ابيه، قال سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول . بمعنى حديث نافع عن ابن عمر وزاد في حديث الزهري قال وحسبت انه قد قال " الرجل راع في مال ابيه ومسيول عن رعيته

A hadith having the same meaning has been transmitted on the authority of 'Abdullah b. 'Umar

وحدثني احمد بن عبد الرحمن بن وهب، اخبرني عمي عبد الله بن وهب، اخبرني رجل، سماه وعمرو بن الحارث عن بكير، عن بسر بن سعيد، حدثه عن عبد الله بن عمر، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بهذا المعنى

It has been narrated on the authority of Hasan who said:Ubaidullah b Ziyad visited Ma'qil b. Yasir al-Muzani in his last iliness. Ma'qil said (to him): I am narrating to you a tradition I heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). If I knew that I am to survive this illness. I would, not narrate it to you. I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: If God appointed anyone ruler over a people and he died while he was still treacherous to his people, God would forbid his entry into Paradise

وحدثنا شيبان بن فروخ، حدثنا ابو الاشهب، عن الحسن، قال عاد عبيد الله بن زياد معقل بن يسار المزني في مرضه الذي مات فيه فقال معقل اني محدثك حديثا سمعته من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لو علمت ان لي حياة ما حدثتك اني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول " ما من عبد يسترعيه الله رعية يموت يوم يموت وهو غاش لرعيته الا حرم الله عليه الجنة

It has been narrated through a different chain of transmitters on the authority of Hasan who said:Ibn, Ziyad paid a visit to Ma'qil b. Yasir who was seriously ill. Here follows the same tradition as has gone before with the addition that Ibn Ziyad asked: Why didn't you narrate this tradition to me before this day? Ma'qil reprimanded him and said: I did not narrate it to you or I was not going to narrate it to you

وحدثناه يحيى بن يحيى، اخبرنا يزيد بن زريع، عن يونس، عن الحسن، قال دخل ابن زياد على معقل بن يسار وهو وجع . بمثل حديث ابي الاشهب وزاد قال الا كنت حدثتني هذا، قبل اليوم قال ما حدثتك او، لم اكن لاحدثك

It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Malik that Ubaidullah b. Ziyad visited Ma'qil b. Yaser in the latter's illness. Ma'qil said to him:I am narrating to you a tradition. If I were not at death's door, I would not narrate it to you. I heard the Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) say: A ruler who, having obtained control over the affairs of the Muslims, does not strive for their betterment and does not serve them sincerely shall not enter Paradise with them

وحدثنا ابو غسان المسمعي، واسحاق بن ابراهيم، ومحمد بن المثنى، قال اسحاق اخبرنا وقال الاخران، حدثنا معاذ بن هشام، حدثني ابي، عن قتادة، عن ابي المليح، اناني محدثك بحديث لولا اني في الموت لم احدثك به سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول " ما من امير يلي امر المسلمين ثم لا يجهد لهم وينصح الا لم يدخل معهم الجنة

It has been narrated on the authority of Abu al-Aswad who said:My father related to me that Ma'qil b. Yasir fell ill. 'Ubaidullah b. Ziyad called on him to inquire after his health. Here follows the tradition as narrated by Hasan from Ma'qil

وحدثنا عقبة بن مكرم العمي، حدثنا يعقوب بن اسحاق، اخبرني سوادة بن ابي، الاسود حدثني ابي ان معقل بن يسار، مرض فاتاه عبيد الله بن زياد يعوده . نحو حديث الحسن عن معقل،

It has been narrated on the authority of Hasan that A'idh b. 'Amr who was one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) called on 'Ubaidullah b. Ziyad and said (to him):O my son, I have heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: The worst of guardians is the cruel ruler. Beware of being one of them. Ubaidullah said (to him out of arrogance): Sit you down. You are from the chaff of the Companions of Muhammad (ﷺ). A'idh said: Was there worthless chaff among them? Such worthless chaff appeared after them and among other people

حدثنا شيبان بن فروخ، حدثنا جرير بن حازم، حدثنا الحسن، ان عايذ بن عمرو، - وكان من اصحاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - دخل على عبيد الله بن زياد فقال اى بنى اني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول " ان شر الرعاء الحطمة فاياك ان تكون منهم " . فقال له اجلس فانما انت من نخالة اصحاب محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم . فقال وهل كانت لهم نخالة انما كانت النخالة بعدهم وفي غيرهم

It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira who said:One day the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood among us (to deliver a sermon). He talked about the misappropriation of booty, and declared it to be a serious matter and a grave sin. Then he said: I shouldn't find that any of you should come on the Day of Judgment with a growling camel mounted on his neck, and should appeal to me for help saying:" Messenger of Allah, help me." and I should say: I have no authority to help you; I already communicated to you. I shouldn't find that any of you should come on the Day of Judgment with a bleating ewe mounted on his neck, and he should say to me:" Messenger of Allah, help me," and I should say: I have no authority to help you; I conveyed to you. I shouldn't find that one of you should come on the Day of Judgment with a Person crying loudly mounted on his neck, and he should say to me:" Messenger of Allah, help me," and I should say: I have no authority to help you; I conveyed to you. I shouldn't find that any one of you should come on the Day of Judgment with fluttering clothes wrapped round his neck and he should say to me:" Messenger of Allah, help me," and I should say: I have no authority to help you; I conveyed to you. I shouldn't find that any of you should come on the Day of Judgment with a heap of gold and silver placed on his neck and he should say to me:" Messenger of Allah, help me." and I should say: I have no authority to help you; I already conveyed to you (the warning from the Almighty)

وحدثني زهير بن حرب، حدثنا اسماعيل بن ابراهيم، عن ابي حيان، عن ابي، زرعة عن ابي هريرة، قال قام فينا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ذات يوم فذكر الغلول فعظمه وعظم امره ثم قال " لا الفين احدكم يجيء يوم القيامة على رقبته بعير له رغاء يقول يا رسول الله اغثني . فاقول لا املك لك شييا قد ابلغتك . لا الفين احدكم يجيء يوم القيامة على رقبته فرس له حمحمة فيقول يا رسول الله اغثني . فاقول لا املك لك شييا قد ابلغتك . لا الفين احدكم يجيء يوم القيامة على رقبته شاة لها ثغاء يقول يا رسول الله اغثني . فاقول لا املك لك شييا قد ابلغتك . لا الفين احدكم يجيء يوم القيامة على رقبته نفس لها صياح فيقول يا رسول الله اغثني . فاقول لا املك لك شييا قد ابلغتك . لا الفين احدكم يجيء يوم القيامة على رقبته رقاع تخفق فيقول يا رسول الله اغثني . فاقول لا املك لك شييا قد ابلغتك . لا الفين احدكم يجيء يوم القيامة على رقبته صامت فيقول يا رسول الله اغثني فاقول لا املك لك شييا قد ابلغتك

The above tradition has been narrated on the same authority through different chains of transmitters

وحدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، حدثنا عبد الرحيم بن سليمان، عن ابي حيان، ح وحدثني زهير بن حرب، حدثنا جرير، عن ابي حيان، وعمارة بن القعقاع، جميعا عن ابي زرعة، عن ابي هريرة، بمثل حديث اسماعيل عن ابي حيان،

Abu Huraira has narrated this hadith with a slight variation of words

وحدثني احمد بن سعيد بن صخر الدارمي، حدثنا سليمان بن حرب، حدثنا حماد، - يعني ابن زيد - عن ايوب، عن يحيى بن سعيد، عن ابي زرعة بن عمرو بن جرير، عن ابي هريرة، قال ذكر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم الغلول فعظمه . واقتص الحديث قال حماد ثم سمعت يحيى بعد ذلك يحدثه فحدثنا بنحو ما حدثنا عنه ايوب

Abu Huraira has narrated this hadith similar to the above mentioned hadith

وحدثني احمد بن الحسن بن خراش، حدثنا ابو معمر، حدثنا عبد الوارث، حدثنا ايوب، عن يحيى بن سعيد بن حيان، عن ابي زرعة، عن ابي هريرة، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم . بنحو حديثهم

It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Humaid as-Sa'idi who said:The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) appointed a man from the Asad tribe who was called Ibn Lutbiyya in charge of Sadaqa (i. e. authorised hign to receive Sadaqa from the people on behalf of the State. When he returned (with the collictions), he said: This is for you and (this is mine as) it was presented to me as a gift. The narrator said: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upod him) stood on the pulpit and praised God and extolled Him. Then he said: What about a State official whom I give an assignment and who (comes and) says: This is for you and this has been presented to me as a gift? Why didn't he remain in the house of his father or the house of his mother so that he could observe whether gifts were presented to him or not. By the Being in Whose Hand is the life of Muhammad, any one of you will not take anything from it but will bring it on the Day of Judgment, carrying on his neck a camel that will be growling, or a cow that will be bellowing or an ewe that will be bleating. Then he raised his hands so that we could see the whiteness of his armpits. Then he said twice: O God, I have conveyed (Thy Commandments)

حدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، وعمرو الناقد، وابن ابي عمر، - واللفظ لابي بكر - قالوا حدثنا سفيان بن عيينة، عن الزهري، عن عروة، عن ابي حميد الساعدي، قال استعمل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رجلا من الاسد يقال له ابن اللتبية - قال عمرو وابن ابي عمر على الصدقة - فلما قدم قال هذا لكم وهذا لي اهدي لي قال فقام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم على المنبر فحمد الله واثنى عليه وقال " ما بال عامل ابعثه فيقول هذا لكم وهذا اهدي لي . افلا قعد في بيت ابيه او في بيت امه حتى ينظر ايهدى اليه ام لا والذي نفس محمد بيده لا ينال احد منكم منها شييا الا جاء به يوم القيامة يحمله على عنقه بعير له رغاء او بقرة لها خوار او شاة تيعر " . ثم رفع يديه حتى راينا عفرتى ابطيه ثم قال " اللهم هل بلغت " . مرتين

It has been reported on the authority of Abu Humaid as-Sa'idi who said:The Prophet (ﷺ) appointed Ibn Lutbiyya, a man from the Azd tribe, in charge of Sadaqa (authorising him to receive gifts from the people on behalf of the State). He came with the collection, gave it to the Prophet (ﷺ), and said: This wealth is for you and this is a gift presented to me. The Prophet (ﷺ) said to him: Why didn't you remain in the house of your father and your mother to see whether gifts were presented to you or not. Then he stood up to deliver a sermon. Here follows the tradition like the tradition of Sufyan

حدثنا اسحاق بن ابراهيم، وعبد بن حميد، قالا اخبرنا عبد الرزاق، حدثنا معمر، عن الزهري، عن عروة، عن ابي حميد الساعدي، قال استعمل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ابن اللتبية - رجلا من الازد - على الصدقة فجاء بالمال فدفعه الى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال هذا مالكم وهذه هدية اهديت لي . فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم " افلا قعدت في بيت ابيك وامك فتنظر ايهدى اليك ام لا " . ثم قام النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم خطيبا . ثم ذكر نحو حديث سفيان

It has been reported on the authority of Abu Humaid as-Sa'idi who said:The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) appointed a man from the Azd tribe called Ibn al-Utbiyya, in charge of Sadaqat to be received from Banu Sulaim. When he came (back), the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) asked him to render his account. He said: This wealth is for you (i.e. for the public treasury) and this is a gift (presented to me). The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: You should have remained in the house of your father and your mother, until your gift came to you if you spoke the truth; then he addressed us. He praised God and extolled Him, and afterwards said: I appoint a man from you to a responsible post sharing with him authority that God has entrusted to me, and he comes to me saying: This wealth is for you (i.e. for the public treasury) and this is a gift presented to me. Why did he not remain in the house of his father and his mother and his gift came to him, if he was truthful? By God, any one of you will not take anything from (the public funds) without any justification, but will meet his Lord carrying it on himself on the Day of judgment. I will recognise any one of you meeting Allah and carrying a growling camel, or a cow bellowing or a goat bleating. Then he raised his hands so high that whiteness of his armpits could be seen. Then he said: O my Lord, I have conveyed (Thy Commandments). The narrator says: My eyes saw (the Prophet standing in that pose) and my ears heard (what he said)

حدثنا ابو كريب، محمد بن العلاء حدثنا ابو اسامة، حدثنا هشام، عن ابيه، عن ابي حميد الساعدي، قال استعمل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رجلا من الازد على صدقات بني سليم يدعى ابن الاتبية فلما جاء حاسبه قال هذا مالكم وهذا هدية . فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " فهلا جلست في بيت ابيك وامك حتى تاتيك هديتك ان كنت صادقا " . ثم خطبنا فحمد الله واثنى عليه ثم قال " اما بعد فاني استعمل الرجل منكم على العمل مما ولاني الله فياتي فيقول هذا مالكم وهذا هدية اهديت لي . افلا جلس في بيت ابيه وامه حتى تاتيه هديته ان كان صادقا والله لا ياخذ احد منكم منها شييا بغير حقه الا لقي الله تعالى يحمله يوم القيامة فلاعرفن احدا منكم لقي الله يحمل بعيرا له رغاء او بقرة لها خوار او شاة تيعر " . ثم رفع يديه حتى ريي بياض ابطيه ثم قال " اللهم هل بلغت " . بصر عيني وسمع اذني

This tradition has been hanoed down through a different chain of transmitters on the authority of Hisham with aslight variation in the wording

وحدثنا ابو كريب، حدثنا عبدة، وابن، نمير وابو معاوية ح وحدثنا ابو بكر بن، ابي شيبة حدثنا عبد الرحيم بن سليمان، ح وحدثنا ابن ابي عمر، حدثنا سفيان، كلهم عن هشام، بهذا الاسناد . وفي حديث عبدة وابن نمير فلما جاء حاسبه . كما قال ابو اسامة . وفي حديث ابن نمير " تعلمن والله والذي نفسي بيده لا ياخذ احدكم منها شييا " . وزاد في حديث سفيان قال بصر عيني وسمع اذناى . وسلوا زيد بن ثابت فانه كان حاضرا معي

It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Humaid as-Sa'idi that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) appointed a man in charge of Sadaqa (authorising him to receive charity from the people on behalf of the State). He came (back to the Holy prophet) with a large number of things and started saying:This is for you and this has been presented to me as a gift. Here follows the tradition that has gone before except that 'Urwa (one of the narrators in the chain of transmitters) asked Abu Humaid: Did you hear it from the Messenger of Allah (himself) (ﷺ)? He replied: My ears heard it from his mouth

وحدثناه اسحاق بن ابراهيم، اخبرنا جرير، عن الشيباني، عن عبد الله بن ذكوان، - وهو ابو الزناد - عن عروة بن الزبير، ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم استعمل رجلا على الصدقة فجاء بسواد كثير فجعل يقول هذا لكم وهذا اهدي الى . فذكر نحوه قال عروة فقلت لابي حميد الساعدي اسمعته من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال من فيه الى اذني