Sahih Muslim — Oaths, Muharibin, Qasas (Retaliation), and Diyat (Blood Money)

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of 'Abdullah through another chain of transmitters with a slight variation of words

حدثنا عبيد الله بن معاذ، حدثنا ابي ح، وحدثني يحيى بن حبيب، حدثنا خالد، - يعني ابن الحارث - ح وحدثني بشر بن خالد، حدثنا محمد بن جعفر، ح وحدثنا ابن، المثنى وابن بشار قالا حدثنا ابن ابي عدي، كلهم عن شعبة، عن الاعمش، عن ابي وايل، عن عبد الله، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم . بمثله غير ان بعضهم قال عن شعبة " يقضى " . وبعضهم قال " يحكم بين الناس

Abu Bakra reported that (in the Farewell Address) Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said:Time has completed a cycle and come to the state of the day when Allah created the heavens and the earth. The year is constituted of twelve months, of which four are sacred; three of them consecutive, viz. Dhu'l-Qa'da, Dhu'l- Hijja and Muharram, and also Rajab the month of Mudar which comes between Jumada and Sha'ban. He (the Holy Prophet) then said: which month is this? We said Allah and His Messenger know best. He (the narrator) said: He (the Holy Prophet) remained silent for some time until we thought that he would give it a name other than that (by which it was known). He said: Is it not Dha'l-Hijja? We said: Yes. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Which city is this? We said: Allah and His Messenger know best. He (the Holy Prophety remained silent until we thought that he would give it another name. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Is it not the Balda (the city of Mecca)? We said: Yes. He said: What day is this? We said: Allah and His Messenger know best. He (the Holy Prophet) remained silent until we thought that he would give it another name. He said: Is it not the Day of Sacrifice? We said: Allah's Messenger. yes. Thereupon he said: Your blood, your property (Muhammad, one of the narrators, said: I think, he also said this) and your honour are sacred to you like the sacredness of this day of yours, in this city of yours, and in this month of yours. You will soon meet your Lord and He will ask you about your deeds. So do not turn after me unbelievers (or misguided), some of you striking the necks of the others. Behold I let him who is present convey to him who is absent, for many a one whom a message is conveyed has a more retentive memory than one who hears. He again said: Behold! have I not delivered (the message) to you? This hadith has been narrated through another chain of transmitters, but with a slight variation of words

حدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، ويحيى بن حبيب الحارثي، - وتقاربا في اللفظ - قالا حدثنا عبد الوهاب الثقفي، عن ايوب، عن ابن سيرين، عن ابن ابي بكرة، عن ابي، بكرة عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم انه قال " ان الزمان قد استدار كهييته يوم خلق الله السموات والارض السنة اثنا عشر شهرا منها اربعة حرم ثلاثة متواليات ذو القعدة وذو الحجة والمحرم ورجب شهر مضر الذي بين جمادى وشعبان - ثم قال - اى شهر هذا " . قلنا الله ورسوله اعلم - قال - فسكت حتى ظننا انه سيسميه بغير اسمه . قال " اليس ذا الحجة " . قلنا بلى . قال " فاى بلد هذا " . قلنا الله ورسوله اعلم - قال - فسكت حتى ظننا انه سيسميه بغير اسمه . قال " اليس البلدة " . قلنا بلى . قال " فاى يوم هذا " . قلنا الله ورسوله اعلم - قال - فسكت حتى ظننا انه سيسميه بغير اسمه . قال " اليس يوم النحر " . قلنا بلى يا رسول الله . قال " فان دماءكم واموالكم - قال محمد واحسبه قال - واعراضكم حرام عليكم كحرمة يومكم هذا في بلدكم هذا في شهركم هذا وستلقون ربكم فيسالكم عن اعمالكم فلا ترجعن بعدي كفارا - او ضلالا - يضرب بعضكم رقاب بعض الا ليبلغ الشاهد الغايب فلعل بعض من يبلغه يكون اوعى له من بعض من سمعه " . ثم قال " الا هل بلغت " . قال ابن حبيب في روايته " ورجب مضر " . وفي رواية ابي بكر " فلا ترجعوا بعدي

Abu Bakra reported that when it was that day (the 10th of Dhu'l-Hijja) he mounted his camel and a person caught its nosestring, whereupon he said:Do you know which day is this? They said: Allah and His Messenger know best. (The Prophet [may peace be upon him] kept silent) until we thought that he would give that another name. He said: Is it not the day of Nahr (Sacrifice) (10th of Dhu'l- Hijja)? We said: Allah's Messenger, yes. He (again) said: Which month is it? We said: Allah and His Messenger knows best. He said: Is it not Dhu'l-Hijja? We said: Allah's Messenger, yes. He said: Which city is this? We said: Allah and His Messenger know best. He (the narrator) said (that the Prophet kept silent until we thought that he would give it another name besides its (original) name. He said: Is it not Balda (the city of Mecca)? We said: Yes, Allah's Messenger. He (then) said: Verily your blood (lives) and your property and your honour are as sacred unto you as sacred is this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this city of yours. Let him who is present convey it to one who is absent. He then turned his attention towards two multicoloured (black and white) rams and slaughtered them, and two goats, and distributed them amongst us

حدثنا نصر بن علي الجهضمي، حدثنا يزيد بن زريع، حدثنا عبد الله بن عون، عن محمد بن سيرين، عن عبد الرحمن بن ابي بكرة، عن ابيه، قال لما كان ذلك اليوم قعد على بعيره واخذ انسان بخطامه فقال " اتدرون اى يوم هذا " . قالوا الله ورسوله اعلم . حتى ظننا انه سيسميه سوى اسمه . فقال " اليس بيوم النحر " . قلنا بلى يا رسول الله . قال " فاى شهر هذا " . قلنا الله ورسوله اعلم . قال " اليس بذي الحجة " . قلنا بلى يا رسول الله . قال " فاى بلد هذا " . قلنا الله ورسوله اعلم - قال - حتى ظننا انه سيسميه سوى اسمه . قال " اليس بالبلدة " . قلنا بلى يا رسول الله . قال " فان دماءكم واموالكم واعراضكم عليكم حرام كحرمة يومكم هذا في شهركم هذا في بلدكم هذا فليبلغ الشاهد الغايب " . قال ثم انكفا الى كبشين املحين فذبحهما والى جزيعة من الغنم فقسمها بيننا

Abu Bakra reported that when it was the day of (Dhu'l-Hijja) Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) mounted the camel and addressed and a person had been holding its nosestring. The rest of the hadith is the same

حدثنا محمد بن المثنى، حدثنا حماد بن مسعدة، عن ابن عون، قال قال محمد قال عبد الرحمن بن ابي بكرة عن ابيه قال لما كان ذلك اليوم جلس النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم على بعير - قال - ورجل اخذ بزمامه - او قال بخطامه - فذكر نحو حديث يزيد بن زريع

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Bakra through another chain of transmitters (and the words are):" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) addressed us on the day of Nahr (Sacrifice) and said: What day is this? And the rest of the hadith is the same except that he did not make mention of" your honour," and also did not make mention of this: He then turned his attention towards two rams and what follows, and in a hadith (the words pertaining to sacred- ness are recorded in this way):" Like the sacredness of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this city of yours to the day when you will meet your Lord. Behold, have I not conveyed (the Message of God)? They said: Yes. He said: O Allah, bear witness

حدثني محمد بن حاتم بن ميمون، حدثنا يحيى بن سعيد، حدثنا قرة بن خالد، حدثنا محمد بن سيرين، عن عبد الرحمن بن ابي بكرة، وعن رجل، اخر هو في نفسي افضل من عبد الرحمن بن ابي بكرة ح وحدثنا محمد بن عمرو بن جبلة واحمد بن خراش قالا حدثنا ابو عامر عبد الملك بن عمرو حدثنا قرة باسناد يحيى بن سعيد - وسمى الرجل حميد بن عبد الرحمن - عن ابي بكرة قال خطبنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يوم النحر فقال " اى يوم هذا " . وساقوا الحديث بمثل حديث ابن عون غير انه لا يذكر " واعراضكم " . ولا يذكر ثم انكفا الى كبشين وما بعده وقال في الحديث " كحرمة يومكم هذا في شهركم هذا في بلدكم هذا الى يوم تلقون ربكم الا هل بلغت " . قالوا نعم . قال " اللهم اشهد

Alqama b. Wa'il reported on the authority of his-father:While I was sitting in the company of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ), a person came there dragging another one with the help of a strap and said: Allah's Messenger, this man has killed my brother. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to him: Did you kill him? And the other man said: (In case he did not make a confession of this, I shall brine, a witness against him). He (the murderer) said: Yes, I have killed him. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Why did you kill him? He said: I and he won striking down the leaves of a tree and he abused me and enraged me, and to I struck his head with an axe and killed him, whereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Have you anything with you to pay blood-wit on your behalf? He said: I do not possess any property but this robe of mine and this axe of mine. He (the Holy, Prophet) said: Do you think your people will pay ransom for you? He said: I am more insignificant among my people than this (that I would not be able to get this benefit from my tribe). He (the Holy Prophet) threw the strap towards him (the claimant of the blood-wit) saying: Take away your man. The man took him away, and as he returned, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: If he kills him, he will be like him. He returned and said: Allah's Messenger, it has reached me that you have said that" If he killed him, he would be like him." I caught hold of him according to your command, whereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Don't you like that he should take upon him (the burden) of your sin and the sin of your companion (your brother)? He said: Allah's Apostle, why not? The Messenger of Allah (may peace be. upon him) said: If it is so, then let it be. He threw away the strap (around the offender) and set him free

حدثنا عبيد الله بن معاذ العنبري، حدثنا ابي، حدثنا ابو يونس، عن سماك بن، حرب ان علقمة بن وايل، حدثه ان اباه حدثه قال اني لقاعد مع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم اذ جاء رجل يقود اخر بنسعة فقال يا رسول الله هذا قتل اخي . فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " اقتلته " . فقال انه لو لم يعترف اقمت عليه البينة . قال نعم . قتلته قال " كيف قتلته " . قال كنت انا وهو نختبط من شجرة فسبني فاغضبني فضربته بالفاس على قرنه فقتلته . فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم " هل لك من شىء توديه عن نفسك " . قال ما لي مال الا كسايي وفاسي . قال " فترى قومك يشترونك " . قال انا اهون على قومي من ذاك . فرمى اليه بنسعته . وقال " دونك صاحبك " . فانطلق به الرجل فلما ولى قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " ان قتله فهو مثله " . فرجع فقال يا رسول الله انه بلغني انك قلت " ان قتله فهو مثله " . واخذته بامرك . فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " اما تريد ان يبوء باثمك واثم صاحبك " . قال يا نبي الله - لعله قال - بلى . قال " فان ذاك كذاك " . قال فرمى بنسعته وخلى سبيله

Alaqama b. Wa'il reported on the authority of his father that a person was brought to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) who had killed another person, and the heir of the person slain had dragged him (to the Holy Prophet) with a strap around his neck. As he turned away Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said:The killer and the killed are (doomed) to fire. A person came to the other person (the heir of the deceased) and he reported to him the words of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and so he let him off. Isma'il b. Salim said: I made a mention of it to Habib b. Abu Thabit and he said: Ibn Ashwa' reported to me that Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) had asked him to pardon him, but he refused

وحدثني محمد بن حاتم، حدثنا سعيد بن سليمان، حدثنا هشيم، اخبرنا اسماعيل، بن سالم عن علقمة بن وايل، عن ابيه، قال اتي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم برجل قتل رجلا فاقاد ولي المقتول منه فانطلق به وفي عنقه نسعة يجرها فلما ادبر قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " القاتل والمقتول في النار " . فاتى رجل الرجل فقال له مقالة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فخلى عنه . قال اسماعيل بن سالم فذكرت ذلك لحبيب بن ابي ثابت فقال حدثني ابن اشوع ان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم انما ساله ان يعفو عنه فابى

Abu Huraira reported that among two women of the tribe of Hudhail one flung a stone upon the other causing an abortion to her so Allah's Apostle (may peace he upon him) gave judgment that a male or a female slave of best quality be given as compensation

حدثنا يحيى بن يحيى، قال قرات على مالك عن ابن شهاب، عن ابي سلمة، عن ابي هريرة، ان امراتين، من هذيل رمت احداهما الاخرى فطرحت جنينها فقضى فيه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بغرة عبد او امة

Abu Huraira reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave judgment in case of the abortion of a woman of Banu Lihyan (that the offender and near relative should give compensation in the form of) good quality of a slave or a slave-girl. And the woman about whom the judgment was given for compensation died and thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave judgment that her inheritance goes to her sons and her husband, and the payment of the blood-wit lies with the family of (one who struck her)

وحدثنا قتيبة بن سعيد، حدثنا ليث، عن ابن شهاب، عن ابن المسيب، عن ابي، هريرة انه قال قضى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في جنين امراة من بني لحيان سقط ميتا بغرة عبد او امة ثم ان المراة التي قضي عليها بالغرة توفيت فقضى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بان ميراثها لبنيها وزوجها وان العقل على عصبتها

Abu Huraira reported that two women of the tribe of Hudhail fought with each other and one of them flung a stone at the other, killing her and what was in her womb. The case was brought to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he gave judgment that the diyat (indemnity) of her unborn child is a male or a female slave of the best quality, and he also decided that the diyat of the woman is to be paid by her relative on the father's side, and he (the Holy Prophet) made her sons and those who were with them her heirs. Hamal b. al-Nabigha al-Hudhali said:Messenger of Allah, why should I play blood-wit for one who neither drank, nor ate, nor spoke, nor made any noise; it is like a nonentity (it is, therefore, not justifiable to demand blood-wit for it). Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: He seems to be one of the brothers of soothsavers on account of the rhymed speech which he has composed

وحدثني ابو الطاهر، حدثنا ابن وهب، ح وحدثنا حرملة بن يحيى التجيبي، اخبرنا ابن وهب، اخبرني يونس، عن ابن شهاب، عن ابن المسيب، وابي، سلمة بن عبد الرحمن ان ابا هريرة، قال اقتتلت امراتان من هذيل فرمت احداهما الاخرى بحجر فقتلتها وما في بطنها فاختصموا الى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقضى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ان دية جنينها غرة عبد او وليدة وقضى بدية المراة على عاقلتها وورثها ولدها ومن معهم فقال حمل بن النابغة الهذلي يا رسول الله كيف اغرم من لا شرب ولا اكل ولا نطق ولا استهل فمثل ذلك يطل . فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " انما هذا من اخوان الكهان " . من اجل سجعه الذي سجع

Abu Huraira reported that two women fought-the rest of the hadith is the same but herein no mention has been made of:He made her son and those who were with them her heirs. Someone said: Why should we pay blood-wit? And he did not name Hamal b. Malik

وحدثنا عبد بن حميد، اخبرنا عبد الرزاق، اخبرنا معمر، عن الزهري، عن ابي، سلمة عن ابي هريرة، قال اقتتلت امراتان . وساق الحديث بقصته ولم يذكر وورثها ولدها ومن معهم . وقال فقال قايل كيف نعقل ولم يسم حمل بن مالك

Al-Mughira b. Shu'ba reported that a woman struck her co-wife with a tent-pole and she was pregnant and she killed her. One of them belonged to the tribe of Lihyan. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) made the relatives of the murderer responsible for the payment of blood-wit on her behalf, and fixed a slave or a female slave as the indemnity for what was in her womb. One of the persons amongst the relatives of the murderer said:Should we pay indemnity for one who, neither ate, nor drank, nor made any noise, who was just like a nonentity? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) remarked: He speaks rhymed phrases like the people of the desert. He did impose indemnity upon them

حدثنا اسحاق بن ابراهيم الحنظلي، اخبرنا جرير، عن منصور، عن ابراهيم، عن عبيد بن نضيلة الخزاعي، عن المغيرة بن شعبة، قال ضربت امراة ضرتها بعمود فسطاط وهي حبلى فقتلتها - قال - واحداهما لحيانية - قال - فجعل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم دية المقتولة على عصبة القاتلة وغرة لما في بطنها . فقال رجل من عصبة القاتلة انغرم دية من لا اكل ولا شرب ولا استهل فمثل ذلك يطل . فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " اسجع كسجع الاعراب " . قال وجعل عليهم الدية

Al-Mughira b. Shu'ba reported:A woman killed her fellow-wife with a tent-pole. Her case was brought to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), and he gave judgment that blood-wit should be paid by the relatives (of the offender) on the father's side. And as she was pregnant, he decided regarding her unborn child that a male or a female slave of good quality be given. Some of her offender's) relatives said: Should we make compensation for one who never ate, nor drank, nor made any noise, who was like a nonentity? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: He was talking rhymed phrases like the rhymed phrases of desert Arabs

وحدثني محمد بن رافع، حدثنا يحيى بن ادم، حدثنا مفضل، عن منصور، عن ابراهيم، عن عبيد بن نضيلة، عن المغيرة بن شعبة، . ان امراة، قتلت ضرتها بعمود فسطاط فاتي فيه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقضى على عاقلتها بالدية وكانت حاملا فقضى في الجنين بغرة . فقال بعض عصبتها اندي من لا طعم ولا شرب ولا صاح فاستهل ومثل ذلك يطل قال فقال " سجع كسجع الاعراب

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Mansur with the same chain of transmitters

حدثني محمد بن حاتم، ومحمد بن بشار، قالا حدثنا عبد الرحمن بن مهدي، عن سفيان، عن منصور، بهذا الاسناد مثل معنى حديث جرير ومفضل

Mansur transmitted this hadith with a slight variation of words

وحدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، ومحمد بن المثنى، وابن، بشار قالوا حدثنا محمد، بن جعفر عن شعبة، عن منصور، باسنادهم الحديث بقصته . غير ان فيه فاسقطت فرفع ذلك الى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقضى فيه بغرة وجعله على اولياء المراة . ولم يذكر في الحديث دية المراة

Miswar b. Makhrama reported that 'Umar b. Khattab consulted people about the diyat of abortion of an unboam child. Mughira b. Shu'ba said:I bear witness to the fact that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave judgment about it that a good quality of slave or female slave should be given for it. Thereupon 'Umar said: Bring one who may bear witness to you. Then Muhammad b. Maslama bore witness to him

وحدثنا ابو بكر بن ابي شيبة، وابو كريب واسحاق بن ابراهيم - واللفظ لابي بكر - قال اسحاق اخبرنا وقال الاخران، حدثنا وكيع، عن هشام بن عروة، عن ابيه، عن المسور بن مخرمة، قال استشار عمر بن الخطاب الناس في املاص المراة فقال المغيرة بن شعبة شهدت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قضى فيه بغرة عبد او امة . قال فقال عمر ايتني بمن يشهد معك قال فشهد له محمد بن مسلمة