Sahih al-Bukhari — Wedlock, Marriage

Narrated Zainab bint Salama:Um Habiba said to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) "We have heard that you want to marry Durra bint Abu-Salama." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Can she be married along with Um Salama (her mother)? Even if I have not married Um Salama, she would not be lawful for me to marry, for her father is my foster brother

حدثنا قتيبة، حدثنا الليث، عن يزيد بن ابي حبيب، عن عراك بن مالك، ان زينب ابنة ابي سلمة، اخبرته ان ام حبيبة قالت لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم انا قد تحدثنا انك ناكح درة بنت ابي سلمة. فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " اعلى ام سلمة لو لم انكح ام سلمة ما حلت لي، ان اباها اخي من الرضاعة

Ibn `Abbas said: "Hint your intention of marrying' is made by saying (to the widow) for example: "I want to marry, and I wish that Allah will make a righteous lady available for me.' " Al-Qasim said: One may say to the widow: 'I hold all respect for you, and I am interested in you; Allah will bring you much good, or something similar 'Ata said: One should hint his intention, and should not declare it openly. One may say: 'I have some need. Have good tidings. Praise be to Allah; you are fit to remarry.' She (the widow) may say in reply: I am listening to what you say,' but she should not make a promise. Her guardian should not make a promise (to somebody to get her married to him) without her knowledge. But if, while still in the Iddat period, she makes a promise to marry somebody, and he ultimately marries her, they are not to be separated by divorce (i.e., the marriage is valid)

وقال لي طلق حدثنا زايدة، عن منصور، عن مجاهد، عن ابن عباس، {فيما عرضتم} يقول اني اريد التزويج، ولوددت انه تيسر لي امراة صالحة. وقال القاسم يقول انك على كريمة، واني فيك لراغب، وان الله لسايق اليك خيرا. او نحو هذا. وقال عطاء يعرض ولا يبوح يقول ان لي حاجة وابشري، وانت بحمد الله نافقة. وتقول هي قد اسمع ما تقول. ولا تعد شييا ولا يواعد وليها بغير علمها، وان واعدت رجلا في عدتها ثم نكحها بعد لم يفرق بينهما. وقال الحسن {لا تواعدوهن سرا} الزنا. ويذكر عن ابن عباس {الكتاب اجله} تنقضي العدة

Narrated `Aisha:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said (to me), "You were shown to me in a dream. An angel brought you to me, wrapped in a piece of silken cloth, and said to me, 'This is your wife.' I removed the piece of cloth from your face, and there you were. I said to myself. 'If it is from Allah, then it will surely be

حدثنا مسدد، حدثنا حماد بن زيد، عن هشام، عن ابيه، عن عايشة رضى الله عنها قالت قال لي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " رايتك في المنام يجيء بك الملك في سرقة من حرير فقال لي هذه امراتك. فكشفت عن وجهك الثوب، فاذا انت هي فقلت ان يك هذا من عند الله يمضه

Narrated Sahl bin Sa`d:A woman came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I have come to you to present myself to you (for marriage)." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) glanced at her. He looked at her carefully and fixed his glance on her and then lowered his head. When the lady saw that he did not say anything, she sat down. A man from his companions got up and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! If you are not in need of her, then marry her to me." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Have you got anything to offer." The man said, 'No, by Allah, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!" The Prophet (ﷺ) said (to him), "Go to your family and try to find something." So the man went and returned, saying, "No, by Allah, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I have not found anything." The Prophet said, "Go again and look for something, even if it were an iron ring." He went and returned, saying, "No, by Allah, O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I could not find even an iron ring, but this is my Izar (waist sheet).' He had no Rida (upper garment). He added, "I give half of it to her." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said "What will she do with your Izar? If you wear it, she will have nothing over herself thereof (will be naked); and if she wears it, then you will have nothing over yourself thereof ' So the man sat for a long period and then got up (to leave). When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saw him leaving, he ordered that he e called back. When he came, the Prophet (ﷺ) asked (him), "How much of the Qur'an do you know (by heart)?" The man replied, I know such Sura and such Sura and such Sura," naming the suras. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Can you recite it by heart?" He said, 'Yes." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Go I let you marry her for what you know of the Qur'an (as her Mahr)

حدثنا قتيبة، حدثنا يعقوب، عن ابي حازم، عن سهل بن سعد، ان امراة، جاءت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت يا رسول الله جيت لاهب لك نفسي. فنظر اليها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فصعد النظر اليها وصوبه، ثم طاطا راسه، فلما رات المراة انه لم يقض فيها شييا جلست، فقام رجل من اصحابه فقال اى رسول الله ان لم تكن لك بها حاجة فزوجنيها. فقال " هل عندك من شىء ". قال لا والله يا رسول الله. قال " اذهب الى اهلك فانظر هل تجد شييا ". فذهب ثم رجع فقال لا والله يا رسول الله ما وجدت شييا. قال " انظر ولو خاتما من حديد ". فذهب ثم رجع فقال لا والله يا رسول الله ولا خاتما من حديد، ولكن هذا ازاري قال سهل ما له رداء فلها نصفه. فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " ما تصنع بازارك ان لبسته لم يكن عليها منه شىء، وان لبسته لم يكن عليك شىء ". فجلس الرجل حتى طال مجلسه ثم قام فراه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم موليا فامر به فدعي فلما جاء قال " ماذا معك من القران ". قال معي سورة كذا وسورة كذا وسورة كذا. عددها. قال " اتقروهن عن ظهر قلبك ". قال نعم. قال " اذهب فقد ملكتكها بما معك من القران

Narrated 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair: 'Aishah, the wife of the Prophet (ﷺ) told him that there were four types of marriage during Pre-Islamic period of Ignorance. One type was similar to that of the present day i.e. a man used to ask somebody else for the hand of a girl under his guardianship or for his daughter's hand, and give her Mahr and then marry her. The second type was that a man would say to his wife after she had become clean from her period. "Send for so-and-so and have sexual intercourse with him." Her husband would then keep away from her and would never sleep with her till she got pregnant from the other man with whom she was sleeping. When her pregnancy became evident, he husband would sleep with her if he wished. Her husband did so (i.e. let his wife sleep with some other man) so that he might have a child of noble breed. Such marriage was called as Al-Istibda'. Another type of marriage was that a group of less than ten men would assemble and enter upon a woman, and all of them would have sexual relation with her. If she became pregnant and delivered a child and some days had passed after delivery, she would sent for all of them and none of them would refuse to come, and when they all gathered before her, she would say to them, "You (all) know waht you have done, and now I have given birth to a child. So, it is your child so-and-so!" naming whoever she liked, and her child would follow him and he could not refuse to take him. The fourth type of marriage was that many people would enter upon a lady and she would never refuse anyone who came to her. Those were the prostitutes who used to fix flags at their doors as sign, and he who would wished, could have sexual intercourse with them. If anyone of them got pregnant and delivered a child, then all those men would be gathered for her and they would call the Qa'if (persons skilled in recognizing the likeness of a child to his father) to them and would let the child follow the man (whom they recognized as his father) and she would let him adhere to him and be called his son. The man would not refuse all that. But when Muhammad (ﷺ) was sent with the Truth, he abolished all the types of marriages observed in pre-Islamic period of Ignorance except the type of marriage the people recognize today

قال يحيى بن سليمان حدثنا ابن وهب، عن يونس،. حدثنا احمد بن صالح، حدثنا عنبسة، حدثنا يونس، عن ابن شهاب، قال اخبرني عروة بن الزبير، ان عايشة، زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم اخبرته ان النكاح في الجاهلية كان على اربعة انحاء فنكاح منها نكاح الناس اليوم، يخطب الرجل الى الرجل وليته او ابنته، فيصدقها ثم ينكحها، ونكاح اخر كان الرجل يقول لامراته اذا طهرت من طمثها ارسلي الى فلان فاستبضعي منه. ويعتزلها زوجها، ولا يمسها ابدا، حتى يتبين حملها من ذلك الرجل الذي تستبضع منه، فاذا تبين حملها اصابها زوجها اذا احب، وانما يفعل ذلك رغبة في نجابة الولد، فكان هذا النكاح نكاح الاستبضاع، ونكاح اخر يجتمع الرهط ما دون العشرة فيدخلون على المراة كلهم يصيبها. فاذا حملت ووضعت، ومر عليها ليالي بعد ان تضع حملها، ارسلت اليهم فلم يستطع رجل منهم ان يمتنع حتى يجتمعوا عندها تقول لهم قد عرفتم الذي كان من امركم، وقد ولدت فهو ابنك يا فلان. تسمي من احبت باسمه، فيلحق به ولدها، لا يستطيع ان يمتنع به الرجل. ونكاح الرابع يجتمع الناس الكثير فيدخلون على المراة لا تمتنع ممن جاءها وهن البغايا كن ينصبن على ابوابهن رايات تكون علما فمن ارادهن دخل عليهن، فاذا حملت احداهن ووضعت حملها جمعوا لها ودعوا لهم القافة ثم الحقوا ولدها بالذي يرون فالتاط به، ودعي ابنه لا يمتنع من ذلك، فلما بعث محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم بالحق هدم نكاح الجاهلية كله، الا نكاح الناس اليوم

Narrated `Aisha:(as regards the Verse): 'And about what is recited unto you in the Book, concerning orphan girls to whom you give not the prescribed portions and yet, whom you desire to marry.' (4.127) This Verse is about the female orphan who is under the guardianship of a man with whom she shares her property and he has more right over her (than anybody else) but does not like to marry her, so he prevents her, from marrying somebody else, lest he should share the property with him

حدثنا يحيى، حدثنا وكيع، عن هشام بن عروة، عن ابيه، عن عايشة، {وما يتلى عليكم في الكتاب في يتامى النساء اللاتي لا توتونهن ما كتب لهن وترغبون ان تنكحوهن}. قالت هذا في اليتيمة التي تكون عند الرجل، لعلها ان تكون شريكته في ماله، وهو اولى بها، فيرغب ان ينكحها، فيعضلها لمالها، ولا ينكحها غيره، كراهية ان يشركه احد في مالها

Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:When Hafsa, `Umar's daughter became a widow because of the death of her (husband) Ibn Hudhafa As-Sahmi who was one of the companion of the Prophet (ﷺ) and the one of the Badr warriors and died at Medina, `Umar said, "I met `Uthman bin `Affan and gave him an offer, saying, 'If you wish, I will marry Hafsa to you.' He said. 'I will think it over' I waited for a few days, then he met me and said, 'I have made up my mind not to marry at present' "`Umar added, "Then I met Abu Bakr and said to him, 'If you wish, I will marry Hafsa to you

حدثنا عبد الله بن محمد، حدثنا هشام، اخبرنا معمر، حدثنا الزهري، قال اخبرني سالم، ان ابن عمر، اخبره ان عمر حين تايمت حفصة بنت عمر من ابن حذافة السهمي وكان من اصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم من اهل بدر توفي بالمدينة فقال عمر لقيت عثمان بن عفان فعرضت عليه فقلت ان شيت انكحتك حفصة. فقال سانظر في امري. فلبثت ليالي ثم لقيني فقال بدا لي ان لا اتزوج يومي هذا. قال عمر فلقيت ابا بكر فقلت ان شيت انكحتك حفصة

Narrated Al-Hasan:concerning the Verse: 'Do not prevent them' (2.232) Ma'qil bin Yasar told me that it was revealed in his connection. He said, "I married my sister to a man and he divorced her, and when her days of 'Idda (three menstrual periods) were over, the man came again and asked for her hand, but I said to him, 'I married her to you and made her your bed (your wife) and favored you with her, but you divorced her. Now you come to ask for her hand again? No, by Allah, she will never go back to you (again)!' That man was not a bad man and his wife wanted to go back to him. So Allah revealed this Verse: 'Do not prevent them.' (2.232) So I said, 'Now I will do it (let her go back to him), O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)."So he married her to him again

حدثنا احمد بن ابي عمرو، قال حدثني ابي قال، حدثني ابراهيم، عن يونس، عن الحسن، {فلا تعضلوهن} قال حدثني معقل بن يسار، انها نزلت فيه قال زوجت اختا لي من رجل فطلقها، حتى اذا انقضت عدتها جاء يخطبها، فقلت له زوجتك وفرشتك واكرمتك، فطلقتها، ثم جيت تخطبها، لا والله لا تعود اليك ابدا، وكان رجلا لا باس به وكانت المراة تريد ان ترجع اليه فانزل الله هذه الاية {فلا تعضلوهن} فقلت الان افعل يا رسول الله. قال فزوجها اياه

Narrated `Aisha:(regarding His Statement): 'They ask your instruction concerning the women. Say: Allah instructs you about them ...' (4.127) It is about the female orphan who is under the guardianship of a man with whom she shares her property and he does not want to marry her and dislikes that someone else should marry her, lest he should share the property with him, so he prevents her from marrying. So Allah forbade such a guardian to do so (i.e. to prevent her from marrying)

حدثنا ابن سلام، اخبرنا ابو معاوية، حدثنا هشام، عن ابيه، عن عايشة رضى الله عنها في قوله {ويستفتونك في النساء قل الله يفتيكم فيهن} الى اخر الاية، قالت هي اليتيمة تكون في حجر الرجل، قد شركته في ماله، فيرغب عنها ان يتزوجها، ويكره ان يزوجها غيره، فيدخل عليه في ماله، فيحبسها، فنهاهم الله عن ذلك

Narrated Sahl bin Sa`d:While we were sitting in the company of the Prophet (ﷺ) a woman came to him and presented herself (for marriage) to him. The Prophet (ﷺ) looked at her, lowering his eyes and raising them, but did not give a reply. One of his companions said, "Marry her to me O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!" The Prophet (ﷺ) asked (him), "Have you got anything?" He said, "I have got nothing." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Not even an iron ring?" He Sa`d, "Not even an iron ring, but I will tear my garment into two halves and give her one half and keep the other half." The Prophet; said, "No. Do you know some of the Qur'an (by heart)?" He said, "Yes." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Go, I have agreed to marry her to you with what you know of the Qur'an (as her Mahr)

حدثنا احمد بن المقدام، حدثنا فضيل بن سليمان، حدثنا ابو حازم، حدثنا سهل بن سعد، كنا عند النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم جلوسا فجاءته امراة تعرض نفسها عليه فخفض فيها النظر ورفعه فلم يردها، فقال رجل من اصحابه زوجنيها يا رسول الله. قال " اعندك من شىء ". قال ما عندي من شىء. قال " ولا خاتما من حديد ". قال ولا خاتما من حديد ولكن اشق بردتي هذه فاعطيها النصف، واخذ النصف. قال " لا، هل معك من القران شىء ". قال نعم. قال " اذهب فقد زوجتكها بما معك من القران

Narrated `Aisha:that the Prophet (ﷺ) married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old, and then she remained with him for nine years (i.e., till his death)

حدثنا محمد بن يوسف، حدثنا سفيان، عن هشام، عن ابيه، عن عايشة رضى الله عنها ان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم تزوجها وهى بنت ست سنين، وادخلت عليه وهى بنت تسع، ومكثت عنده تسعا

Narrated `Aisha:that the Prophet (ﷺ) married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old. Hisham said: I have been informed that `Aisha remained with the Prophet (ﷺ) for nine years (i.e. till his death)

حدثنا معلى بن اسد، حدثنا وهيب، عن هشام بن عروة، عن ابيه، عن عايشة، ان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم تزوجها وهى بنت ست سنين، وبنى بها وهى بنت تسع سنين. قال هشام وانبيت انها كانت عنده تسع سنين

Narrated Sahl bin Sa`d:A woman came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, "I present myself (to you) (for marriage). She stayed for a long while, then a man said, "If you are not in need of her then marry her to me." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Have you got anything m order to pay her Mahr?" He said, "I have nothing with me except my Izar (waist sheet)." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "If you give her your Izar, you will have no Izar to wear, (so go) and search for something. He said, "I could not find anything." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Try (to find something), even if it were an iron ring But he was not able to find (even that) The Prophet (ﷺ) said (to him). "Do you memorize something of the Qur'an?" "Yes. ' he said, "such Sura and such Sura," naming those Suras The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "We have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an (by heart)

حدثنا عبد الله بن يوسف، اخبرنا مالك، عن ابي حازم، عن سهل بن سعد، قال جاءت امراة الى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت اني وهبت من نفسي. فقامت طويلا فقال رجل زوجنيها، ان لم تكن لك بها حاجة. قال " هل عندك من شىء تصدقها ". قال ما عندي الا ازاري. فقال " ان اعطيتها اياه جلست لا ازار لك، فالتمس شييا ". فقال ما اجد شييا. فقال " التمس ولو خاتما من حديد ". فلم يجد. فقال " امعك من القران شىء ". قال نعم سورة كذا وسورة كذا لسور سماها. فقال " زوجناكها بما معك من القران

Narrated Abu Huraira:The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "A matron should not be given in marriage except after consulting her; and a virgin should not be given in marriage except after her permission." The people asked, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! How can we know her permission?" He said, "Her silence (indicates her permission)

حدثنا معاذ بن فضالة، حدثنا هشام، عن يحيى، عن ابي سلمة، ان ابا هريرة، حدثهم ان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال " لا تنكح الايم حتى تستامر ولا تنكح البكر حتى تستاذن ". قالوا يا رسول الله وكيف اذنها قال " ان تسكت

Narrated `Aisha:I said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! A virgin feels shy." He said, "Her consent is (expressed by) her silence

حدثنا عمرو بن الربيع بن طارق، قال اخبرنا الليث، عن ابن ابي مليكة، عن ابي عمرو، مولى عايشة عن عايشة، انها قالت يا رسول الله ان البكر تستحي. قال " رضاها صمتها

Narrated Khansa bint Khidam Al-Ansariya:that her father gave her in marriage when she was a matron and she disliked that marriage. So she went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he declared that marriage invalid

حدثنا اسماعيل، قال حدثني مالك، عن عبد الرحمن بن القاسم، عن ابيه، عن عبد الرحمن، ومجمع، ابنى يزيد بن جارية عن خنساء بنت خذام الانصارية، ان اباها، زوجها وهى ثيب، فكرهت ذلك فاتت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فرد نكاحه

Narrated `Abdur-Rahman bin Yazid and Majammi bin Yazid:The same ,Hadith above: A man called Khidam married a daughter of his (to somebody) against her consent. 'If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls then marry (other) women of your choice.' (4.3) And if somebody says to the guardian (of a woman), "Marry me to so-and-so," and the guardian remained silent or said to him, "What have you got?" And the other said, "I have so much and so much (Mahr)," or kept quiet, and then the guardian said, "I have married her to you," then the marriage is valid (legal). This narration was told by Sahl on the authority of the Prophet

حدثنا اسحاق، اخبرنا يزيد، اخبرنا يحيى، ان القاسم بن محمد، حدثه ان عبد الرحمن بن يزيد ومجمع بن يزيد حدثاه ان رجلا يدعى خذاما انكح ابنة له. نحوه

Narrated 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair:that he asked `Aisha, saying to her, "O Mother! (In what connection was this Verse revealed): 'If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with orphan girls (to the end of the verse) that your right hands possess?" (4.3) Aisha said, "O my nephew! It was about the female orphan under the protection of her guardian who was interested in her beauty and wealth and wanted to marry her with a little or reduced Mahr. So such guardians were forbidden to marry female orphans unless they deal with them justly and give their full Mahr; and they were ordered to marry women other than them."`Aisha added, "(Later) the people asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), for instructions, and then Allah revealed: 'They ask your instruction concerning the women . . . And yet whom you desire to marry.' (4.127) So Allah revealed to them in this Verse that-if a female orphan had wealth and beauty, they desired to marry her and were interested in her noble descent and the reduction of her Mahr; but if she was not desired by them because of her lack in fortune and beauty they left her and married some other woman. So, as they used to leave her when they had no interest in her, they had no right to marry her if they had the desire to do so, unless they deal justly with her and gave her a full amount of Mahr

حدثنا ابو اليمان، اخبرنا شعيب، عن الزهري،. وقال الليث حدثني عقيل، عن ابن شهاب، اخبرني عروة بن الزبير، انه سال عايشة رضى الله عنها قال لها يا امتاه {وان خفتم ان لا تقسطوا في اليتامى} الى {ما ملكت ايمانكم} قالت عايشة يا ابن اختي هذه اليتيمة تكون في حجر وليها، فيرغب في جمالها ومالها، ويريد ان ينتقص من صداقها، فنهوا عن نكاحهن. الا ان يقسطوا لهن في اكمال الصداق وامروا بنكاح من سواهن من النساء، قالت عايشة استفتى الناس رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بعد ذلك فانزل الله {ويستفتونك في النساء} الى {وترغبون} فانزل الله عز وجل لهم في هذه الاية ان اليتيمة اذا كانت ذات مال وجمال، رغبوا في نكاحها ونسبها والصداق، واذا كانت مرغوبا عنها في قلة المال والجمال، تركوها واخذوا غيرها من النساء قالت فكما يتركونها حين يرغبون عنها، فليس لهم ان ينكحوها اذا رغبوا فيها، الا ان يقسطوا لها ويعطوها حقها الاوفى من الصداق

Narrated Sahl:A woman came to the Prophet,, and presented herself to him (for marriage). He said, "I am not in need of women these days." Then a man said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Marry her to me." The Prophet (ﷺ) asked him, "What have you got?" He said, "I have got nothing." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Give her something, even an iron ring." He said, "I have got nothing." The Prophet (ﷺ) asked (him), "How much of the Qur'an do you know (by heart)?" He said, "So much and so much." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "I have married her to you for what you know of the Qur'an

حدثنا ابو النعمان، حدثنا حماد بن زيد، عن ابي حازم، عن سهل، ان امراة، اتت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فعرضت عليه نفسها فقال " ما لي اليوم في النساء من حاجة ". فقال رجل يا رسول الله زوجنيها. قال " ما عندك ". قال ما عندي شىء. قال " اعطها ولو خاتما من حديد ". قال ما عندي شىء. قال " فما عندك من القران ". قال عندي كذا وكذا. قال " فقد ملكتكها بما معك من القران

Narrated Ibn `Umar:The Prophet (ﷺ) decreed that one should not try to cancel a bargain already agreed upon between some other persons (by offering a bigger price). And a man should not ask for the hand of a girl who is already engaged to his Muslim brother, unless the first suitor gives her up, or allows him to ask for her hand

حدثنا مكي بن ابراهيم، حدثنا ابن جريج، قال سمعت نافعا، يحدث ان ابن عمر رضى الله عنهما كان يقول نهى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ان يبيع بعضكم على بيع بعض، ولا يخطب الرجل على خطبة اخيه، حتى يترك الخاطب قبله، او ياذن له الخاطب